汽车工程 ›› 2021, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (6): 825-832.doi: 10.19562/j.chinasae.qcgc.2021.06.005

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基于无迹卡尔曼滤波的定位融合与校验算法研究

李兴佳(),李建芬,朱敏,彭能岭,左帅   

  1. 郑州宇通客车股份有限公司,郑州 450061
  • 收稿日期:2020-11-03 修回日期:2021-01-26 出版日期:2021-06-25 发布日期:2021-06-29
  • 通讯作者: 李兴佳 E-mail:lixjcyt@126.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(U1664264)

Research on Positioning Fusion and Verification Algorithm Based on UKF

Xingjia Li(),Jianfen Li,Min Zhu,Nengling Peng,Shuai Zuo   

  1. Zhengzhou Yutong Bus Co. ,Ltd. ,Zhengzhou 450061
  • Received:2020-11-03 Revised:2021-01-26 Online:2021-06-25 Published:2021-06-29
  • Contact: Xingjia Li E-mail:lixjcyt@126.com

摘要:

针对传感器定位精度受环境影响较大及其对自动驾驶车辆行驶安全影响较大的问题,提出一种定位融合及校验算法。通过建立短时短距航迹推算模型进行定位预测,使用无迹卡尔曼滤波实现预测定位结果与实际定位结果的非线性融合,从而提高定位精度。通过定位校验算法,判断实际定位数据是否发生偏移,并研究主动避险控制算法使车辆能够保持定位失效前的轨迹继续行驶直至停车,进而提高车辆行驶安全性。仿真和实车试验结果表明,该算法既能够提高定位精度,也能够有效判断定位是否发生偏移,同时在定位失效发生后,可以控制车辆按参考轨迹安全行驶。

关键词: 自动驾驶, 航迹推算, 定位预测, 定位校验, 主动避险控制

Abstract:

For the problem that the positioning accuracy of the sensor is greatly affected by the environment and it has great impact on the driving safety of autonomous vehicles, a positioning fusion and verification algorithm is proposed. The short?term short?range track calculation model is established for positioning prediction. And the UKF (Unscented Kalman Filter) is used to realize the nonlinear fusion between the predicted positioning result and the actual positioning result so as to improve the positioning accuracy. Whether the actual positioning has shifted can be judged by the positioning verification algorithm. And an active risk avoidance algorithm is studied to enable the vehicle to maintain the trajectory before positioning failure and continue to run until it stops, so as to improve the driving safety of the vehicle. Simulation and experimental results show that the algorithm can not only improve the positioning accuracy, but also effectively judge whether the positioning has offset, and ensure the vehicle to continue to run safely according to the saved reference trajectory after the positioning failure occurs at the same time.

Key words: autonomous driving, track calculation, positioning prediction, positioning verification, active collision avoidance control