汽车工程 ›› 2021, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (6): 861-869.doi: 10.19562/j.chinasae.qcgc.2021.06.009

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基于12岁儿童损伤阈值的主动式安全气囊多目标优化

洪亮1,2(),刘刚1,葛如海3   

  1. 1.江苏大学汽车与交通工程学院,镇江 212013
    2.好孩子儿童用品有限公司,昆山 215331
    3.常熟理工学院汽车工程学院,常熟 215500
  • 收稿日期:2020-10-30 修回日期:2021-01-23 出版日期:2021-06-25 发布日期:2021-06-29
  • 通讯作者: 洪亮 E-mail:loudly1986@126.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(51805224);中国博士后科学基金(2020M671307);江苏省资助博士后研究人员计划(2019Z061);江苏省博士后科研资助计划(2019K043);江苏大学高级人才引进科研资助项目(15JDG167)

Multi⁃objective Optimization of Active Safety Airbag Based on the Injury Thresholds of 12⁃year⁃old Children

Liang Hong1,2(),Gang Liu1,Ruhai Ge3   

  1. 1.School of Automotive and Traffic Engineering,Jiangsu University,Zhenjiang 212013
    2.Goodbaby International Holdings Co. ,Ltd. ,Kunshan 215331
    3.School of Automobile Engineering,Changshu Institute of Technology,Changshu 215500
  • Received:2020-10-30 Revised:2021-01-23 Online:2021-06-25 Published:2021-06-29
  • Contact: Liang Hong E-mail:loudly1986@126.com

摘要:

本文旨在对某校车的主动式安全气囊进行多目标优化,以提高其对12岁儿童乘员的保护功效。首先,确定12岁儿童的损伤阈值;搭建校车—主动式安全气囊耦合模型。其次,简化台车试验的原始波形,模拟4种校车碰撞工况。最后,选取气囊安装点高度、泄气阀开启压力、泄气阀开度和中部拉带长度为优化参数;基于响应面代理模型与NSGA-Ⅱ的变型算法,以加权伤害指标WICC为优化目标,开展主动式安全气囊的多目标优化。结果表明:4种校车碰撞工况下,主动式安全气囊的优化效果显著;对于碰撞速度最高的工况,头部伤害指标HIC15、颈部伤害指标Nij、胸部合成加速度T3ms、胸部压缩量THPCWICC分别降低了28.58%、14.79%、10.02%、10.26%和18.08%。

关键词: 碰撞工况, 儿童损伤阈值, 主动式安全气囊, 多目标优化, 保护功效

Abstract:

This paper aims to conduct a multi?objective optimization on the active safety airbag of a school bus for enhancing its protective effects on 12?year?old children. Firstly, the injury thresholds of 12?year?old children are determined and a coupling model of the school bus and the active airbag is built. Then, the original waveform measured in a sled test is simplified to simulate four collision conditions. Finally, based on response surface surrogate model and using modified NSGA?II algorithm, a multi?objective optimization on active airbag is conducted, with the installation position, the open pressure and the opening of air vent valve, as well as the middle strap length of the active airbag selected as the optimization parameters, and the weighted injury criterion for 12?year?old children (WICC) as the optimization objective. The results show that the optimization on the active airbag achieves significant effects under four collision conditions of school bus. For the condition with the highest collision speed, the head injury criterion HIC15, the neck injury criterion Nij, the thorax resultant acceleration T3ms, the chest deflection THPC and WICC reduce by 28.58%,14.79%,10.02%,10.26% and 18.08% respectively.

Key words: collision conditions, children injury threshold, active safety airbag, multi?objective optimization, protective effect