电动汽车锂离子电池脉冲加热技术研究进展

doi:10.19562/j.chinasae.qcgc.2023.02.001

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

低温环境下，电动汽车锂离子电池存在可用容量降低、充电困难和循环寿命衰减等问题，严重制约了锂离子电池的应用，因此，确保锂离子电池在合适的温度范围内运行至关重要。电池脉冲加热技术具有加热速率快、温度均匀性好和系统结构简单等优势，是解决锂离子电池低温应用难题的有效手段。本文中从脉冲加热方案、脉冲控制参数和脉冲加热策略3个方面对脉冲加热技术的研究进展进行了综述。首先，介绍现有脉冲加热方案优劣势，其次，总结不同脉冲控制参数下锂离子电池的温升和容量衰减特性，最后，对比不同脉冲加热策略对锂离子电池低温性能的影响，指出脉冲加热技术未来发展的方向。

关键词: 锂离子电池, 低温性能, 脉冲加热, 脉冲参数

Abstract:

At low temperatures， the lithium-ion batteries of electric vehicles have the problems of usable capacity reduction， charging difficulty and cycle life decay， which seriously restrict the application of lithium-ion batteries. Therefore， it is very important to ensure that the lithium-ion batteries operate within the appropriate temperature range. With the advantages of fast heating rate， good temperature uniformity and simple system structure， the battery pulse heating technology is an effective method to solve the problem of low temperature application of the lithium-ion batteries. In this paper， the research progress of pulse heating technology is summarized from the three aspects of pulse heating schemes， pulse control parameters and pulse heating strategies. Firstly， the advantages and disadvantages of the existing pulse heating schemes are introduced. Secondly， the temperature rise and capacity decay characteristics of lithium-ion batteries under different pulse control parameters are summarized. Finally， the influence of different pulse heating strategies on the low-temperature performance of lithium-ion batteries is compared， and the future development direction of pulse heating technology is pointed out.

Key words: lithium-ion battery, low temperature performance, pulse heating, pulse parameters

廉玉波,凌和平,马晴婵,任强,贺斌. 电动汽车锂离子电池脉冲加热技术研究进展[J]. 汽车工程, 2023, 45(2): 169-174.

Yubo Lian,Heping Ling,Qingchan Ma,Qiang Ren,Bin He. Research Progress on Pulse Heating Technology of Lithium-ion Battery for Electric Vehicles[J]. Automotive Engineering, 2023, 45(2): 169-174.

图/表 6

参考文献 30

1	LIU K X， SHI H， LIU B， et al. Research on new energy vehicle market penetration rate based on nested multi-nominal logit model［J］. Word Electric Vehicle Journal， 2021， 12（4）： 249.
2	HAN X B， LU L G， ZHENG Y J， et al. A review on the key issues of the lithium ion battery degradation among the whole life cycle ［J］. eTransportation， 2019， 1： 100005.
3	LIU H， WEI Z， HE W， et al. Thermal issues about Li-ion batteries and recent progress in battery thermal management systems： a review［J］. Energy Conversion and Management， 2017， 150： 304-330.
4	LI G， HUANG X D， FU X F. Design research on battery heating and preservation system based on liquid cooling mode［J］. Journal of Hunan University Natural Sciences， 2017， 44： 26-33.
5	LIU Y， ZHANG J. Design a J-type air-based battery thermal management system through surrogate-based optimization［J］. Applied Energy， 2019， 252： 113426.
6	SADIGHI DIZAJI H， JAFARMADAR S， KHALILARYA S，et al. A comprehensive energy analysis of a prototype Peltier air-cooler experimental investigation［J］. Renewable Energy， 2019， 131： 308-317.
7	LING Z， LIN W， ZHANG Z， et al. Computationally efficient thermal network model and its application in optimization of battery thermal management system with phase change materials and long-term performance assessment［J］. Applied Energy， 2020， 259： 114120.
8	IANNICIELLO L， BIWOL´E P H， ACHARD P. Electric vehicles batteries thermal management systems employing phase change materials［J］. Journal of Power Sources， 2018， 378： 383-403.
9	ZHANG J N， SUN F C， WANG Z P. Heating character of a LiMn2O4 battery pack at low temperature based on PTC and metallic resistance material［J］. Energy Procedia， 2017， 105： 2131-2138.
10	WANG C Y， ZHANG G， GE S， et al. Lithium-ion battery structure that self-heats at low temperatures［J］. Nature， 2016， 529 （7587）： 515-518.
11	KALOGIANNIS T， JAGUEMONT J， OMAR N， et al. A comparison of internal and external preheat methods for NMC batteries［J］. World Electric Vehicle Journal， 2019， 10： 1-16.
12	GUO S， XIONG R， WANG K， et al. A novel echelon internal heating strategy of cold batteries for all-climate electric vehicles application［J］. Applied Energy， 2018， 219： 256-263.
13	林雨婷，陈键，陈富，等. 一种动力电池脉冲加热系统及其控制方法：113060048 ［P］. 2021-07-02.
	LIN Yuting， CHEN Jian， CHEN Fu， et al. A pulse heating system and control method of power battery ： 113060048 ［P］. 2021-07-02.
14	孙泽昌，朱建功，刘耀锋，等. 一种动力锂离子电池模块用低温自加热电路：203721843 ［P］. 2014-07-16.
	SUN Zechang， ZHU Jiangong， LIU Yaofeng， et al. A low-temperature self-heating circuit for lithium-ion battery module： 203721843［P］. 2014-07-16.
15	QU Z G， JIANG Z Y， WANG Q. Experimental study on pulse self-heating of lithium-ion battery at low temperature［J］. International Journal Heat and Mass Transfer， 2019， 135： 696-705.
16	YU Z K， HUANG X S， LIN S Y， et al. Analysis and experiment of bipolar-pulse heating mehtod for lithium-ion batteries［C］. PEAS - IEEE Int. Power Electron. Appl. Symp， Conf. Proc， Shanghai， November， 2021.
17	DU C H， PENG Q L， CHEN F， et al. Investigation on the method of battery self-heating using motor pulse current［J］. Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers， Part D： Journal of Automobile Engineering， 2022， 236 （10-11）： 2399-2409.
18	LI Y L， DU J Y， ZHOU G， et al. A rapid self-heating battery pack achieved by novel driving circuits of electric vehicle［J］. Energy Report， 2020， 6： 1016-1023.
19	吴晓刚，崔智昊.一种适用于动力电池组的内部加热方法： 109950659［P］. 2019-06-28.
	WU Xiaogang， CUI Zhihao. An internal heating method of the power battery pack： 109950659［P］. 2019-06-28.
20	ZHU J G， SUN Z C， WEI X Z， et al. An alternating current heating method for lithium-ion batteries from subzero temperatures［J］. International Journal of Energy Research， 2016， 40 （13）： 1869-1883.
21	WU X G， CUI Z H， CHEN E S， et al. Capacity degradation minimization oriented optimization for the pulse preheating of lithium-ion batteries under low temperature［J］. Journal of Energy Storage， 2020， 31： 101746.
22	QIN Y D， XU Z C， WU Y Q， et al. Temperature distribution of lithium ion battery module with inconsistent cells under pulsed heating method［J］. Applied Thermal Engineering， 2022， 212： 118529.
23	QIN Y D， DU J Y， LU L G， et al. A rapid lithium-ion battery heating method based on bidirectional pulsed current： heating effect and impact on battery life［J］. Applied Energy， 2020， 280： 115957.
24	ZHU J， SUN X， WEI X， et al. Experimental investigation of an AC method for vehicular high power lithium-ion batteries at subzero temperature［J］. Journal Power Sources， 2017， 367： 145-157.
25	DU J Y， SUN Y Z. The influence of high power charging on the lithium battery based on constant and pulse current charging strategies［C］. IEEE Veh. Power Propuls. Conf.， VPPC - Proc. Spain， November， 2020.
26	吴晓刚，李凌任，高鑫家，等. 锂离子电池脉冲频率优化的低温预热［J］. 电机与控制学报， 2021， 25（11）： 57-65.
	WU Xiaogang， LI Lingren， GAO Xinjia， et al. Preheating the lithium-ion battery with realtime optimized pulse frequency under low temperature［J］. Electric Machines and Control， 2021， 25（11）： 57-65.
27	LYU C， LUO W L， SHENG Y， et al. A pulse heating method without capacity reduction for lithium-ion batteries［C］. Proc. IEEE Conf. Ind. Electron. Appl.， ICIEA， Xi’an， June， 2019.
28	JIANG H L， HUANG Z W， LIU Y J， et al. An optimal pulse heating strategy for lithium-ion battery considering both capacity fade and heating time［C］. Conf. Proc. IEEE Int. Conf. Syst. Man Cybern. Melbourne， October， 2021.
29	HUANG Z W， GUO Z W， LIU Y J， et al. A fast energy-efficient pulse preheating strategy for Li-ion battery at subzero temperatures［C］. ECCE - IEEE Energy Convers. Congr. Expo.Detroit， October， 2020.
30	VU H， SHIN D H， et al. Scheduled preheating of Li-ion battery packs for balanced temperature and state-of-charge distribution［J］. Energies， 2020， 13（9）： 2212.

[1]	陈飞,孔祥栋,孙跃东,韩雪冰,卢兰光,郑岳久,欧阳明高. 锂离子电池制造工艺仿真技术进展[J]. 汽车工程, 2023, 45(9): 1516-1529.
[2]	胡明辉,朱广曜,刘长贺,唐国峰. 考虑迟滞特性的卡尔曼滤波和门控循环单元神经网络的锂离子电池SOC联合估计[J]. 汽车工程, 2023, 45(9): 1688-1701.
[3]	梁海强,何洪文,代康伟,庞博,王鹏. 融合经验老化模型和机理模型的电动汽车锂离子电池寿命预测方法研究[J]. 汽车工程, 2023, 45(5): 825-835.
[4]	吕又付,罗卫明,陈荐,吴锡鸿,李传常. 分层优化测定锂离子电池比热容参数的实验研究[J]. 汽车工程, 2023, 45(2): 183-190.
[5]	张健豪,高兴奇,张莉. 基于容量增量曲线与充电容量差的电池组微短路诊断方法[J]. 汽车工程, 2023, 45(2): 191-198.
[6]	李贵敬,谷青锴,杨昊鑫,黄健齐,邸立明. PA/EG耦合风冷电池热管理系统轻量研究[J]. 汽车工程, 2023, 45(2): 209-218.
[7]	王萍,弓清瑞,程泽,张吉昂. 基于AUKF的锂离子电池SOC估计方法[J]. 汽车工程, 2022, 44(7): 1080-1088.
[8]	彭宇明,袁明晓,敬卓鑫,张永林,黄港. 汇流排产热影响下的电池模组冷却系统改进设计[J]. 汽车工程, 2022, 44(6): 859-867.
[9]	毕贵红,谢旭,蔡子龙,骆钊,陈臣鹏,赵鑫. 动态条件下基于深度学习的锂电池容量估计[J]. 汽车工程, 2022, 44(6): 868-878.
[10]	马彦,李佳怡,马乾,陈明超. 基于迭代动态规划的动力电池组热管理优化策略[J]. 汽车工程, 2022, 44(5): 709-721.
[11]	刘首彤,黄沛丰,白中浩. 锂离子电池机械滥用失效机理及仿真模型研究进展[J]. 汽车工程, 2022, 44(4): 465-475.
[12]	孙涛,郑侠,郑岳久,卢宇芳,匡柯,韩雪冰. 基于电化学热耦合模型的锂离子电池快充控制[J]. 汽车工程, 2022, 44(4): 495-504.
[13]	程夕明,胡薇,翟钧,罗荣华,张盼,徐野. 纯电动汽车低压电气系统效率研究[J]. 汽车工程, 2022, 44(4): 601-608.
[14]	王萍,彭香园,程泽,张吉昂. 基于数据驱动模型融合的锂离子电池多时间尺度状态联合估计方法[J]. 汽车工程, 2022, 44(3): 362-371.
[15]	刘红锐,古栋华,李海瑞,张彬,钱晶. 一种串联锂离子电池组P-C-C-P均衡器及其控制方法[J]. 汽车工程, 2022, 44(3): 372-378.