行人-车辆碰撞中六岁儿童下肢损伤分析及预测

doi:10.19562/j.chinasae.qcgc.2023.06.015

Abstract

Abstract:

In order to investigate in depth the injury mechanisms and the different causes affected by the front-end and the speed on lower extremity injuries of child pedestrian in the car-pedestrian collision， thirty-two car-pedestrian collision simulations are set up using the injury bionic model of six-year-old pedestrian （TUST IBMs 6YO-P） with detailed anatomical structures and four types of common passenger cars given eight crash speeds. The kinematic and biomechanical responses of lower extremity are analyzed. The nonlinear regression prediction models are developed to assess the injuries of lower extremity. The results indicate that the severity of pediatric lower extremity long bone fractures and knee injuries are directly influenced by the collision speed. The height of the bumper affects the femur injury and knee bending angle， and the height of the spoiler from the ground affects the severity of tibia and fibular injury. By analyzing the data about the knee bending angle and ligament fracture， it is concluded that the medial collateral ligament （MCL）， anterior cruciate ligament （ACL） and posterior cruciate ligament （PCL） are fractured with the knee bending angle exceeding 25.9±0.9°， 38.6±0.7° and 43.2±0.2°， respectively. Furthermore， the injury prediction model of knee bending angle based on the collision velocity and front bumper height is validated to be effective in predicting the knee joint injury. Combining the evaluation parameters of long bone fracture and predicting model of the bending moment of six-year-old child pedestrian lower extremity， it is concluded that the critical velocity for lower extremity long bone fractures of child pedestrian is 17.94 km/h. These results will provide a scientific reference for the formulation of pedestrian safety regulation， the development of pedestrian protection devices， the design of AEB system and digital evaluation.

Key words: vehicle front-end structure, crash speed, six-year-old child pedestrian, knee bending angle, lower extremity bending moment, nonlinear regression

Haiyan Li,Shengyi Huang,Kun Li,Shihai Cui,Lijuan He,Lü Wenle. Prediction and Analysis of Lower Extremity Injuries of Six-year-old Child Pedestrian in Car-Pedestrian Collision[J].Automotive Engineering, 2023, 45(6): 1050-1061.

Figures/Tables 17

References 28

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车型	扰流板离地间隙	保险杠前缘长度	上保险杠高度	机盖前缘高度
FCR	224.8	87.7	546.0	739.6
MPV	243.0	104.9	587.1	782.5
RDS	193.2	55.7	502.5	657.1
SUV	289.1	70.0	603.5	904.1

仿真断裂速度/（km·h^-1）				预测断裂速度/（km·h^-1）
车型	撞击侧MCL	撞击侧ACL	撞击侧PCL	车型	撞击侧MCL	撞击侧ACL	撞击侧PCL
FCR	25-	60+	60+	FCR	35.6-40	57.9-60.4	65.4-65.8
RDS	60+	60+	60+	RDS	45.8-49.8	67.3-70	75-75.4
MPV	30-35	50-55	55-60	MPV	25.1-30.6	49.8-52.3	57.4-57.8
SUV	25-	45-50	60+	SUV	19.8-26.3	46.7-49.3	54-54.7

项目	T₁	T₂	T₃	T₄
仿真结果/（N·m）	79.5	64.4	42.6	34.2
模型预测结果/（N·m）	73.7	61.1	40.7	38.9
误差/%	7.3	5.1	4.5	13.7

速度/ （km·h^-1）	FCR		RDS		MPV		SUV
速度/ （km·h^-1）	股骨	胫、腓骨	股骨	胫、腓骨	股骨	胫、腓骨	股骨	胫、腓骨
25
30
35
40

速度/ （km·h^-1）	FCR		RDS		MPV		SUV
速度/ （km·h^-1）	股骨	胫、腓骨	股骨	胫、腓骨	股骨	胫、腓骨	股骨	胫、腓骨
45
50
55
60

Prediction and Analysis of Lower Extremity Injuries of Six-year-old Child Pedestrian in Car-Pedestrian Collision

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References 28

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