共享汽车驾驶员适宜H点和座椅参数实验研究

doi:10.19562/j.chinasae.qcgc.2024.01.005

Abstract

Abstract:

The shared cars have the characteristics of standardized vehicle models， diverse users， and high frequency of usage. To enhance the efficiency of shared car usage and the driving experience， the development of an intelligent seat that can automatically adjust the comfortable sitting posture based on the driver's characteristics has significant importance. For the issue of subjective and arbitrary seat adjustments that lead to discomfort for drivers， in conjunction with the intelligent seat project for shared cars， bench experiments are carried out taking the four variables of H-point fore-aft position， H-point vertical position， seat cushion angle， and backrest angle as the research factors in this paper. The study examines the impact of seat parameters on seat comfort for drivers at the 5th， 50th， and 95th percentiles. Firstly， three experimental levels are chosen for each research factor within the reference vehicle range. Orthogonal experimental design is employed to simplify the number of experiments required. The required number of orthogonal groups is determined， and orthogonal bench experiments are conducted. Experimental participants subjectively evaluate the seat comfort for each group. Additionally， pressure mapping on the seat cushion and angle measurements using a digital angle gauge are employed to collect information of participants' pressure distribution and joint angles. Secondly， clustering analysis is conducted to determine the subjective and objective comfort evaluation system employed in this study， using joint angle as the objective parameter. Through the analysis of the orthogonal experiments， it is concluded that different seat parameters have varying effect on seat comfort. Furthermore， the parameters that affect seat comfort also vary with changes in the driver's percentile. Finally， the data obtained from the orthogonal experiments are adjusted and fitted to establish the prediction models for the optimal H-point position and backrest angle of the seat.

Key words: shared-car, seat comfort, orthogonal experiment, comfort evaluation, predictive model

Junnian Wang, Chuantai Cheng, Fei Gao, Tiejun Fu, Jindong Ren. An Experimental Study on Optimal H-Point and Seat Parameters for Shared Car Drivers[J].Automotive Engineering, 2024, 46(1): 39-49.

Figures/Tables 24

因素	最高次	多项式	Adjusted R-Square
H30/mm	1	$y = 0.6 x + 158$	0.884 2
	2	$y = - 0.03 x 2 + 9.1 x - 544$	0.992 7
	3	$y = - 0.27 x 3 - 3.77 x 2 + 5.4 x + 258$	0.993 1
L53/mm	1	$y = 3.1 x - 352$	0.968 3
	2	$y = 0.06 x 2 - 18.3 x + 2123$	0.990 2
	3	$y = - 0.001 x 3 + 0.74 x 2 - 130.8 x + 8398$	0.989 5
A40/（°）	1	$y = 1.1 x - 36$	0.892 5
	2	$y = 0.07 x 2 - 7.4 x + 207$	0.925 9
	3	$y = - 0.01 x 3 + 2.61 x 2 - 153.8 x + 3020$	0.918 4

References 24

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研究因子	取值范围	水平
H30/mm	230~290	245	260	275
L53/mm	790~970	835	880	925
A27/（°）	5~21	9	13	17
A40/（°）	15~35	20	25	30

部位	B1	B2	B3	B4	B5	B6	B7	权重
B1	1	1/3	1/4	1/7	1/5	1/7	1/8	0.024
B2	3	1	1/3	1/2	1/3	1/6	1/6	0.049
B3	4	3	1	1/4	1/2	1/4	1/5	0.072
B4	7	2	4	1	2	1	1/2	0.177
B5	5	3	2	1/2	1	1/2	1/5	0.104
B6	7	6	4	1	2	1	1/4	0.190
B7	8	6	5	2	5	4	1	0.384

部位	专家1	专家2	专家3	专家4	专家5	专家6
B1	0.024	0.022	0.022	0.055	0.030	0.027
B2	0.049	0.051	0.040	0.035	0.038	0.046
B3	0.072	0.074	0.066	0.064	0.050	0.059
B4	0.177	0.173	0.186	0.185	0.173	0.178
B5	0.104	0.109	0.138	0.128	0.135	0.128
B6	0.190	0.190	0.178	0.174	0.182	0.181
B7	0.384	0.381	0.370	0.359	0.392	0.381
CR	0.056	0.068	0.095	0.083	0.060	0.070

组别	B1	B2	B3	B4	B5	B6	B7
1	4.0	5.7	6.7	4.8	0.9	2.7	0.9
2	5.5	6.6	7.1	6.9	5.6	6.9	5.8
3	5.0	3.9	6.2	7.4	6.6	4.8	6.7
4	6.3	7.0	7.4	7.7	4.7	6.2	3.6
5	5.1	5.3	5.0	6.5	6.7	5.3	2.9
6	5.5	4.9	7.0	7.0	6.9	7.2	7.8
7	6.0	6.8	7.1	7.0	5.5	5.6	3.5
8	3.4	4.7	7.4	6.6	4.9	6.9	5.9
9	6.8	6.7	7.1	6.8	7.0	7.6	6.2
权重	0.16	0.15	0.14	0.13	0.14	0.13	0.15

百分位	B1	B2	B3	B4	B5	B6	B7
5th	0.17	0.15	0.13	0.11	0.14	0.14	0.16
50th	0.16	0.15	0.14	0.13	0.14	0.13	0.15
95th	0.15	0.13	0.17	0.16	0.13	0.13	0.13
权重	0.16	0.14	0.15	0.13	0.14	0.13	0.15

An Experimental Study on Optimal H-Point and Seat Parameters for Shared Car Drivers

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Figures/Tables 24

References 24

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实验组别	H30/mm	L53/mm	A27/（°）	A40/（°）
1	245	835	9	20
2	245	880	13	25
3	245	925	17	30
4	260	835	13	30
5	260	880	17	20
6	260	925	9	25
7	275	835	17	25
8	275	880	9	30
9	275	925	13	20

参数	聚类中心
参数	1	2	3	4	5	6	7
X₁	56	48	66	59	45	51	51
X₂	30	24	29	28	24	27	28
X₃	125	150	189	174	188	139	147
X₄	255	178	269	247	178	255	226
X₅	16	19	27	20	19	14	16
X₆	72	62	83	76	60	67	70
舒适性	4.1	5.4	5.5	5.6	6.2	7.0	7.3

实验组别	H30/mm	L53/mm	A27/（°）	A40/（°）	综合评价x_i
1	245	835	9	20	3.9
2	245	880	13	25	8.0
3	245	925	17	30	4.9
4	260	835	13	30	6.6
5	260	880	17	20	6.6
6	260	925	9	25	5.9
7	275	835	17	25	6.2
8	275	880	9	30	6.8
9	275	925	13	20	6.2
T₁	16.8	16.7	16.6	16.7	T=55.1
T₂	19.1	21.4	20.8	20.3
T₃	19.0	17.1	17.8	18.2
t₁	5.6	5.6	5.5	5.6
t₂	6.4	7.1	6.9	6.8
t₃	6.3	5.7	5.9	6.1
优水平	H30₂	L53₂	A27₂	A40₂
极差R	0.8	1.5	1.4	1.2
主次顺序	L53-A27-A40-H30

百分位	H30	L53	A27	A40	因素重要程度排序
5th	1（245）	1（835）	2（13）	2（25）	L53、H30、A27、A40
50th	2（260）	2（880）	2（13）	2（25）	L53、A27、A40、H30
95th	2（260）	3（925）	2（13）	3（30）	L53、A27、A40、H30

客观参数	实验组别1	实验组别9
坐垫接触面积	733 cm²	786 cm²
臀部平均压力	31 mmHg	20 mmHg
腿部平均压力	15 mmHg	18 mmHg

客观参数	50th	95th
坐垫接触面积	836 cm²	815 cm²
臀部平均压力	37 mmHg	46 mmHg
腿部平均压力	20 mmHg	19 mmHg

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实验组别	H30/mm	L53/mm	A27/（°）	A40/（°）
1	245	835	9	20
2	245	880	13	25
3	245	925	17	30
4	260	835	13	30
5	260	880	17	20
6	260	925	9	25
7	275	835	17	25
8	275	880	9	30
9	275	925	13	20

实验组别	H30/mm	L53/mm	A27/（°）	A40/（°）
1	245	835	9	20
2	245	880	13	25
3	245	925	17	30
4	260	835	13	30
5	260	880	17	20
6	260	925	9	25
7	275	835	17	25
8	275	880	9	30
9	275	925	13	20