喷嘴内燃油空化及影响因素的实验研究*

doi:10.19562/j.chinasae.qcgc.2020.02.004

Abstract

Abstract: Atomization of diesel engine fuel injection is not only influenced by the turbulence and aerodynamic force effect of ambient gas,but also related to the cavitation in the nozzle. Therefor, it is of great importance to study the fuel cavitation in the nozzle and the influencing factors. A transparent nozzle is designed to replace the original injector of the diesel engine. With a nanosecond level flash lamp as the exposure light source, the high speed digital camera and the high-magnification, high-resolution long-distance micro imaging technology, the experimental images with high resolution and clarity are obtained. The generation, development and distribution of fuel cavitation in the nozzle of diesel engine are observed. The fuel cavitation in the nozzle and its influence law are visually presented and a direct understanding of the process of fuel cavitation is obtained. The results show that the cavitation flow in the nozzle is complex and has many influencing factors, among which the geometry of the nozzle has the most significant influence on the cavitation process. The cavitation in the nozzle first appears near the needle valve of the pressure chamber, and then the cavitation area spreads and extends to the outlet of the nozzle. For the gradually shrinking nozzle, the cavitation formation is inhibited, while the gradually expanding nozzle is conducive to the cavitation formation. Reducing the diameter of the nozzle is not conducive to cavitation. The environment pressure has inhibiting effect on cavitation and the increase of environmental pressure is not conducive to the formation of cavitation. In addition, the cavitation intensity in the nozzle is described quantitatively, and the image obtained from the experiment is analyzed quantitatively through the cavitation intensity

Key words: transparent nozzle, cavitation, microscopic imaging, visual experiment

Gao Yongqiang, Zhong Bing, Tao Lili, Liu Yonghui, Wang Xibo, Zhang Kesong. Experimental Research on Nozzle Fuel Cavitation and the Influencing Factors[J].Automotive Engineering, 2020, 42(2): 164-171.

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Experimental Research on Nozzle Fuel Cavitation and the Influencing Factors

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