Table of Content

25 October 2019, Volume 41 Issue 10 Previous Issue    Next Issue

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Integrated Control of Unmanned Distributed Driven Vehicles Path Tracking and Stability Chen Te, Chen Long, Xu Xing, Cai Yingfeng & Jiang Haobin 2019, 41 (10):  1109-1116.  doi: 10.19562/j.chinasae.qcgc.2019.010.001 Abstract ( 1245 )   PDF (2974KB) ( 1595 )   Save In order to investigate the multi-objective control problem of path following effect and vehicle stability in the path following process of unmanned vehicles, an integrated path following and stability control strategy of unmanned distributed driven vehicle is proposed in this paper using the hierarchical control theory. The vehicle dynamics model and path tracking model are established and the upper layer controller is designed using the sliding mode control method to reduce the course deviation and lateral deviation in the course of path tracking and ensure the stability of the vehicle itself. In the lower layer controller, a four-wheel-tire-force optimal allocation method is presented, which can achieve the orientated control allocation of four wheel tire forces according to the control demand of upper layer controller and the stability degree of vehicle yaw and roll. The co-simulation model is established based on CarSim and Simulink and the simulation verification is carried out. The results show that, the proposed integrated control strategy can effectively control the course deviation and lateral deviation in vehicle path tracking and ensure vehicle roll and lateral stability References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Design and Characteristic Analysis of a New Active Anti-roll Bar Device Chen Song, Zhang Hongdang, Wu Haidong, Zhang Fengjiao & Jiang Xiaoying 2019, 41 (10):  1117-1123.  doi: 10.19562/j.chinasae.qcgc.2019.010.002 Abstract ( 738 )   PDF (3511KB) ( 789 )   Save In view of that the traditional passive stabilizer bar can’t adjust the roll stiffness according to the roll angle of the vehicle, leading to the proneness to rollover of vehicle when sharp turning at high speed, a new type of adjustable active anti-roll bar (AARB) device is designed. The mathematical model for the roll stiffness of the AARB device is established and the rule of the effects of structural parameters on the roll stiffness characteristics is analyzed. Finally,it is verified by test that compared with traditional passive stabilizer bar, AARB can more effectively control vehicle roll, preventing the vehicle from rollover References | Related Articles | Metrics

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A Study on Injection Characteristics of Gaseous Oxygen Injection in Argon-Hydrogen Atmosphere Zheng Jiaxin, Gong Yinchun, Zhong Huiping, Deng Jun & Li Liguang 2019, 41 (10):  1124-1129.  doi: 10.19562/j.chinasae.qcgc.2019.010.003 Abstract ( 332 )   PDF (2780KB) ( 533 )   Save Argon power cycle engine is a new concept of zero-emission engine. With the aim of developing a more efficient injection strategy for argon power cycle engine, the injection characteristics of oxygen injected into argon-hydrogen mixtures with different concentration ratios are investigated using the constant volume combustion bomb. The characteristics of oxygen jet such as penetration distance, jet volume and entrainment rate are calculated and analyzed. The study results demonstrate that with the increase of the injection pressure the penetration length and entrainment rate of oxygen jet increase. The decrease of ambient pressure leads to an increase of jet volume, but it will have a negative impact on entrainment rate. The ratio of hydrogen in argon-hydrogen atmosphere has a significant impact on the penetration distance and entrainment rate, with higher hydrogen concentration bringing about rapid increase of penetration distance and higher entrainment rate References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Steady Airflow Test and In-cylinder Flow Motion Analysis of Double Inlet-channel Diesel Engine Based on Tuft Flow Visualization Zhang Wei, Zhao Luofeng, Chen Zhaohui, Jiang Qianyu & Zou Chao 2019, 41 (10):  1130-1137.  doi: 10.19562/j.chinasae.qcgc.2019.010.004 Abstract ( 287 )   PDF (6529KB) ( 409 )   Save A visualized test bed for the steady flow in engine air-passage is built based on tuft method to conduct visualized study on the flow field near cylinder wall, and meanwhile a numerical simulation on the same object is also performed using CFD technique, with both results verified each other. The results show that under steady flow conditions, the tuft motion can intuitively reflect the airflow movement near cylinder wall. Due to the effects of vortex generated by spiral air-passage, the moving direction of tuft is consistent with that of vortex. As for the flow field near cylinder wall at tangential air-passage side, its flow velocity reaches the maximum due to the co-action of the air-flow in tangential air-passage and the vortex motion, and accordingly the swing angle of tuft there also reaches its peak value. They are 110° and 90° for 8 and 12 mm valve lift respectively. In-cylinder transient flow field has both vortex and tumble motions, but they quickly merged into a single vortex motion References | Related Articles | Metrics

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A Study on Pressure Estimation and Control Method for Hydraulic Actuation Unit of Hub-motor-driven Electric Vehicle Liu Gang, Xu Wenbo & Jin Liqiang 2019, 41 (10):  1138-1144.  doi: 10.19562/j.chinasae.qcgc.2019.010.005 Abstract ( 532 )   PDF (2710KB) ( 705 )   Save In order to enhance the braking and safety performances of hub motor-driven electric vehicle, the estimation and control of cylinder pressure in hydraulic braking system are studied. Firstly, a mathematical model for the loop control valve of key component in hydraulic actuation unit is established to analyze its hydraulic and electrical characteristics. Then the state equation for the loop solenoid valve is set up by using square root cubature Kalman filtering algorithm, to estimate the lift of solenoid valve and hence accurately calculate the current flow rate of brake fluid and the pressure in wheel cylinder. Next, according to the p-V characteristics, the control algorithm of solenoid valve lift is designed based on sliding mode variable structure algorithm, so the braking pressure in wheel cylinder can be controlled by adjusting the lift of solenoid valve. Finally, both Matlab/Simulink-AMESim co-simulation and hardware-in-the-loop test are conducted to verify the algorithms adopted. The results show that the proposed algorithm for the estimation and control of cylinder pressure in hydraulic braking system can accurately follow the control target value, enhancing the braking performance of hub motor-driven electric vehicle References | Related Articles | Metrics

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A Research on Via-tire Electric-Field Coupled Power Transfer System Chen Xin & Huang Shoudao 2019, 41 (10):  1145-1151.  doi: 10.19562/j.chinasae.qcgc.2019.010.006 Abstract ( 266 )   PDF (2787KB) ( 260 )   Save In view of the serious electromagnetic radiation and high cost of the dynamic magneto-electric wireless power transfer system in electric vehicle, a via-tire electric-field coupled power transfer (ECPT) system is built in this paper by utilizing the inter-board capacitance between the steel belt in tire and the copper plate in ground, to achieve the dynamic wireless power transfer in the course of vehicle driving. Firstly, the inter-board capacitance between the steel belt in tire and the copper plate in ground is analyzed. Then the effects of inter-board capacitance and operating frequency on load power and transmission efficiency are analyzed based on the impedance matching of 2-port network, as the double-resonant topology structure of capacitive coupling, and the methods of circuit topology design and parameter optimization of ECPT system are given. Finally, simulation and experiment are conducted to verify the actual effects of ECPT system, indicating that the wireless power transmission of 60 W is achieved. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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A Study on Thermal Characteristics and Thermal Properties of Vehicular Lithium Ferro Phosphate Traction Battery Sheng Lei, Xu Haifeng, Su Lin & Zhang Hengyun 2019, 41 (10):  1152-1157.  doi: 10.19562/j.chinasae.qcgc.2019.010.007 Abstract ( 372 )   PDF (1339KB) ( 629 )   Save The thermal characteristics and thermal properties of a vehicular lithium ferro phosphate traction batterie is studied by experimental measurement and numerical simulation in this paper. Firstly, the internal resistance and entropy weight coefficient of battery are measured by experiments and Bernardi equation is adopted to calculate the time-varying heat source of battery. Then the calorimeter and transient hot-wire thermal conductivity tester are used to measure thermal property parameters such as the specific heat capacity and thermal conductivity of battery. Finally, a simulation on the temperature rise characteristics of both the cell and the module is conducted by using CFD software with consideration of the boundary conditions of natural convection and thermal radiation. The results show that the temperature-rise under high temperature environment is less than that under low temperature, and under the natural convection condition, the battery module has poorer temperature evenness so needs a better thermal management strategy References | Related Articles | Metrics

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A Research on SOH Estimation Method Based on SOC-OCV Curve Characteristics Liu Yixin, Zhang Di, Li Xue & Han Zhiqiang 2019, 41 (10):  1158-1163.  doi: 10.19562/j.chinasae.qcgc.2019.010.008 Abstract ( 1162 )   PDF (924KB) ( 1412 )   Save State of health (SOH) is one of the state parameters in lithium-ion battery management system, which affects the accuracy of state of charge (SOC) and state of power (SOF) . In this paper, a new SOH estimation method is proposed from the thermodynamic perspective by tracing the evolution law of the SOC-OCV curve characteristics. In this paper, the relationship between SOH and SOC-OCV curve characteristic parameters is constructed and the accuracy of the proposed SOH estimation method is verified using the experimental data of the cycle life of the lithium ion battery with ternary lithium manganate composite as the positive electrode. The experimental results show that the SOH estimation accuracy is within ±1.5% while SOH declines from 100% to 50% References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Friction Loss and Simulation Analysis of Seven Channel Road Rzeppa Constant Velocity Universal Joint Xie Kun, Liu Zhengyu, Guo Changning, Yan Gongzhe & Shi Baoshu 2019, 41 (10):  1164-1171.  doi: 10.19562/j.chinasae.qcgc.2019.010.009 Abstract ( 390 )   Save According to Archard’s wear theory, the internal wear analysis of the Rzeppa constant velocity universal joint is carried out. By calculating the instantaneous angular velocity of the ball in the groove and the contact point between the groove and the ball, the instantaneous sliding and rolling of the ball in the groove are analyzed. The sliding and rolling state of the ball in the groove is judged, and the law of the change of friction force between the ball and the star sleeve and the bell shell with the input end rotation angle and axe swing angle is obtained. The results of geometric derivation and computer simulation also show that the wear type of ball cage constant velocity universal joint is fatigue wear and the wear condition in seven-channel universal joint is better than that in six-channel joint. At the same time, the specific relationship between volume wear rate and input shaft speed, rotation angle and swing angle is deduced, which lays an important theoretical foundation for the follow-up study References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Modeling and Validation of Cervical Spine Segment C67 and Ligament Injury Analysis Under Different Conditions Song Guanghui, Wang Guangliang, Li Dapeng, Han Xiaoqiang & Li Zhigang 2019, 41 (10):  1172-1178.  doi: 10.19562/j.chinasae.qcgc.2019.010.010 Abstract ( 378 )   PDF (2695KB) ( 567 )   Save The form and feature of response of different neck ligaments under typical crash conditions are studied in this paper. Firstly, the finite element model for cervical spine segment C67 with high geometric accuracy and high-quality hexahedral mesh is established. Then, the model is verified by cadaver tests under the conditions of forward flexion, backward tension, axial rotation and lateral bending. The simulation results show that the C67 segment has high bio-fidelity. Finally, the responses and the injury patterns of different ligaments under abovementioned four loading conditions are analyzed and it is found that anterior longitudinal ligament is most prone to injury under backward tension condition, the most injury-prone condition for posterior longitudinal ligament and interspinous ligament is forward flexion, while capsular ligament has by and large similar injury risk under the conditions of forward flexion, axial rotation and lateral bending References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Multi-target Trajectory Tracking Based on Kernelized Correlation Filtering and Motion Model Liao Jiacai, Cao Libo, Xia Jiahao,Zhang Xiao & Wu Qiang 2019, 41 (10):  1179-1188.  doi: 10.19562/j.chinasae.qcgc.2019.010.011 Abstract ( 354 )   PDF (2388KB) ( 687 )   Save In an automated driving system, vision-based multi-target detection and trajectory tracking in front of the vehicle can provide effective information for pose estimation and behavior analysis of the front target. For the deficiency of multi-target trajectory tracking of integrated motion information and kernelized correlation filter tracking information, the convolutional neural network YOLOv2 is used to detect the target and a multi-target tracking method combining kernel correlation filtering and target motion information is proposed. The purpose is to integrate the motion information into the image feature tracking container so as to optimize the motion model and reduce the target tracking loss and deviation caused by the environment noise. An improved kernelized-correlation filter tracking scale invariance algorithm based on motion information is proposed. A multi-target detection tracking container is established, and a multi-target matching method combining target attribute, coincidence degree, motion state and tracking state is proposed. Experiments show that the proposed algorithm can achieve continuous real-time trajectory tracking of multiple targets in a certain scenario, and the average effective tracking rate is 92.5% References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Lateral Trajectory Tracking Control Scheme for Intelligent Vehicle Based on Extension Goodness Evaluation Cai Yingfeng, Qin Shunqi, Zang Yong, Sun Xiaoqiang & Chen Long 2019, 41 (10):  1189-1196.  doi: 10.19562/j.chinasae.qcgc.2019.010.012 Abstract ( 508 )   PDF (2777KB) ( 678 )   Save Aiming at the low accuracy and poor stability in complex working conditions, a lateral trajectory tracking control scheme is proposed for intelligent vehicle based on extension goodness evaluation. Two-layer structure of lateral trajectory tracking control system is designed, in which the upper layer includs the PID feedback control based on preview deviation and the PID feedforward-feedback control based on road curvature, while the lower layer uses the extension goodness evaluation method to evaluate two controllers in upper layer. According to the real-time state of vehicle-road system, the controller output with higher goodness is chosen, thus the function of lateral trajectory tracking control is realized in intelligent vehicle. No matter in small deviation and curvature condition or large deviation and curvature condition, good control effects are achieved and both the condition adaptability and reliability of lateral control system in intelligent vehicle are enhanced. Simulation results show that compared with the single PID feedback control, when goodness evaluation control is adopted the lateral position deviation and the course deviation is reduced by 16.67% and 12% respectively References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Research on Lane Change Warning Model Based on Multi-sensor Fusion Yang Mingliang, Kou Shengjie, Lu Yong, Yu Chunlei, Jiang Kun & Yang Diange 2019, 41 (10):  1197-1203.  doi: 10.19562/j.chinasae.qcgc.2019.010.013 Abstract ( 469 )   PDF (2180KB) ( 482 )   Save In view of the insufficient accuracy and reliability of lane-change warning model based on single sensor, and taking no account the real scene factors in determining of ego vehicle acceleration in lane-change process, a lane change warning model based on multi-sensor fusion is proposed, in which the ego vehicle speed, the relative distance and speed between ego vehicle and other vehicles are taken into consideration in determining ego vehicle acceleration. The original lane-change warning model is optimized, and the lane-change decision rules are formulated with time to collision and minimum safety spacing as evaluation indicators. The results of simulation and real vehicle test show that the lane-change warning model based on multi-sensor fusion is more sensitive and efficient, meeting the requirements of road utilization and driver operation, and the effectiveness of lane change warning model is verified, with the advantages of multi-sensors in environmental perception demonstrated References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Secondary Path Modeling and Validation for Vehicle Interior Noise Control Zhang Xiyu, Zhang Lijun & Meng Dejian 2019, 41 (10):  1204-1209.  doi: 10.19562/j.chinasae.qcgc.2019.010.014 Abstract ( 352 )   PDF (1951KB) ( 471 )   Save For the problem that the correctness and accuracy of the offline secondary path model for active vehicle interior noise control are difficult to guarantee and the validity of the linear time-invariant hypothesis of the secondary path lacks verification,a method of secondary path modeling and verification is proposed. Firstly, through the secondary path dead time delay measurement and the offline secondary path model identification, the high-precision modeling of the secondary path is realized under the linear time-invariant assumption of the secondary path. Then, using the sweep frequency signal as the input, the secondary path model is tested offline in the target frequency band to validate the correctness and accuracy of the model. Finally, with the random signal as the input, some loudspeakers as the excitation source to stimulate the interior noise and the remaining loudspeakers as the secondary source to control the noise, the correctness of the secondary path model and the validity of its linear time-invariant hypothesis are tested References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Research on Noise Source 3-D Localization Based on Beam-forming and Wave Superposition Method Zhuo Ruiyan, Liu Cheng, He Yuanzhang, Xu Guosong, Liu Shuang & Zhang Li 2019, 41 (10):  1210-1214.  doi: 10.19562/j.chinasae.qcgc.2019.010.015 Abstract ( 286 )   PDF (3346KB) ( 343 )   Save A 3-D noise source locating scheme is proposed based on the beam-forming and superposition method of sound wave. With the traditional wave-beam forming technique as basis, the scheme identifies the 2-D distribution of noise source on sound image plane through the sound pressure measurement of microphone array. With the sound source coordinate of 2-D sound image as the initial position of equivalent source of wave superposition and the sound pressure error of reconstructed microphone array as evaluation indicator, the 3-D spatial coordinate and intensity of sound source are searched out by using genetic algorithm. Test results show that the scheme proposed can accurately identify the 3-D coordinate of noise source and effectively suppress the interference of fake noise source caused by side-lobe effects in wave-beam forming References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Transfer Path Identification and Optimization of Tire Cavity Noise in Vehicle Gao Yu, Lou Xiaobao, Zhou Heqing, Dong Liang & Yang Mingjie 2019, 41 (10):  1215-1220.  doi: 10.19562/j.chinasae.qcgc.2019.010.016 Abstract ( 464 )   PDF (2636KB) ( 920 )   Save Transfer path analysis (TPA) method is utilized to identify and optimize the transfer path of tire cavity noise in vehicle in this paper. Firstly, a TPA model for vehicle interior noise is set up, based on which the transfer paths with dominant contributions to tire cavity noise in vehicle are found out. Then through CAE simulation, the components, which need to be optimized, on those transfer paths is determined with optimization scheme proposed. Finally, the optimization scheme is validated by test. The results show that the optimization scheme proposed can well suppress the tire cavity noise in vehicle, verifying the feasibility and effectiveness of TPA method in optimizing the tire cavity noise in vehicle References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Performance Analysis and Optimization of Foam-filled Aluminum-alloy Corrugated Sandwich Panel Structure for Vehicle Body Cui An, Liu Fangfang, Zhang Han, Hao Yuxing, Chen Chong & Zhang Rui 2019, 41 (10):  1221-1227.  doi: 10.19562/j.chinasae.qcgc.2019.010.017 Abstract ( 514 )   PDF (2712KB) ( 611 )   Save Aiming at the lightweighting and crashworthiness requirements of vehicle, a foam-filled aluminum alloy corrugated sandwich panel structure is prepared. The compression, bending and impact resistance of sandwich panel are investigated by tests and simulations, and the effects of the thickness of facial sheets and corrugated core sheet of sandwich panels on their structural impact resistance are analyzed by orthogonal tests, with reasonable combination of sheet thickness obtained. A topology optimization on the filled foam distribution of sandwich panel is conducted with variable density method so as to reduce the volume of filled foam as far as possible while ensuring its impact characteristics. Finally, the optimized sandwich panel structure is applied to the front door outer panel of a car to evaluate its performance. The results show that both the maximum intrusion and intrusion speed of the front door outer panel with sandwich structure reduce to different extents, meeting the design requirements in enhancing safety and reducing body mass of vehicle References | Related Articles | Metrics