不同坐姿的6岁儿童乘员在MPDB碰撞测试中头颈部损伤评价

doi:10.19562/j.chinasae.qcgc.2021.12.008

汽车工程 ›› 2021, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (12): 1793-1799.doi: 10.19562/j.chinasae.qcgc.2021.12.008

不同坐姿的6岁儿童乘员在MPDB碰撞测试中头颈部损伤评价

李海岩(),王彦鑫,贺丽娟,吕文乐,崔世海

^1.天津科技大学机械工程学院，天津 300222
^2.现代汽车安全技术国际联合研究中心，天津 300222

收稿日期:2021-08-20 出版日期:2021-12-25 发布日期:2021-12-24
通讯作者: 李海岩 E-mail:lihaiyan@tust.edu.cn
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(81471274)

Evaluation of Head and Neck Injuries of a Six-year-old Child Occupant with Different Sitting Postures During a MPDB Crash Test

Haiyan Li(),Yanxin Wang,Lijuan He,Lü Wenle,Shihai Cui

^1.College of Mechanical Engineering，Tianjin University of Science and Technology，Tianjin 　300222
^2.International Research Association on Emerging Automotive Safety Technology，Tianjin 　300222

Received:2021-08-20 Online:2021-12-25 Published:2021-12-24
Contact: Haiyan Li E-mail:lihaiyan@tust.edu.cn

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

本文中建立了具有详细解剖学结构且经过验证的3种不同坐姿6岁儿童乘员有限元模型，并施加以某款SUV 50%重叠移动渐进变形壁障（mobile progressive deformable barrier，MPDB）碰撞试验获得的减速度曲线，通过对比不同坐姿下头颈部运动学和脑组织生物力学参数，探究坐姿对6岁儿童头颈部损伤程度的影响。结果表明：MPDB碰撞工况中，头部旋转载荷是造成头部损伤的主要原因，且坐姿角度的增加会导致脑组织惯性损伤风险增大，但颈部损伤风险并无增加的趋势。

关键词: 不同姿态, 儿童乘员, MPDB测试, 头颈部损伤

Abstract:

In this paper， threevalidated finite element models for 6-year-old child with different sitting posturesand having detailed anatomical structures are established， on which the deceleration curve of a SUVobtained in a crash test against mobile progressive deformable barrier （MPDB） with 50% overlap is applied to investigate the effects of sitting postures on the injury severity of the head and neck of a 6-year-old child by comparing his kinematic parameters of head and neck and biomechanical parameters of brain tissue under different sitting postures. The results show that in MPDB collision condition， head rotation load is the main cause of head injury and the increase of sitting posture angle will lead to the increase of the risk of brain tissue inertia injury without the rise of neck injury risk.

Key words: different postures, child occupant, MPDB test, head and neck injuries

李海岩,王彦鑫,贺丽娟,吕文乐,崔世海. 不同坐姿的6岁儿童乘员在MPDB碰撞测试中头颈部损伤评价[J]. 汽车工程, 2021, 43(12): 1793-1799.

Haiyan Li,Yanxin Wang,Lijuan He,Lü Wenle,Shihai Cui. Evaluation of Head and Neck Injuries of a Six-year-old Child Occupant with Different Sitting Postures During a MPDB Crash Test[J]. Automotive Engineering, 2021, 43(12): 1793-1799.

图/表 10

图1

图2

图3

图4

图5

图6

图7

表1

图8

图9

参考文献 17

1	World Health Organization. Global status report on road safety 2018： supporting a decade of action［R］. Swtizerland： World Health Organization，2018.
2	BERFENSTAM R. Sweden's pioneering child accident programme： 40 years later［J］. Injury Prevention， 1995， 1（2）：68-69.
3	SEHTI D， RACIOPPI F， TOWNER E， et al. European report on child injury prevention［J］. European Report on Child Injury Prevention， 2008，16（1）：5-6.
4	SEGUI-GOMEZ M， LOPEZ-VALDES F J， FRAMPTON R. An evaluation of the euron-cap crash test safety ratings in the real world［C］. 51st Annual Proceedings Association for the Advancement of Automotive Medicine ，Melbourne， Australia，2007.
5	BOSE D ， CRANDALL J R ， UNTAROIU C D ， et al. Influence of pre-collision occupant parameters on injury outcome in a frontal collision［J］. Accident Analysis and Prevention， 2010， 42（4）：1398-1407.
6	鞠海蒙，沈辉，孙亚，等.汽车正面碰撞中人体坐姿对驾驶员伤害的分析［J］.机械工程与自动化，2015（5）.
	JU Haimeng， SHEN Hui， SUN Ya， et al.Analysis on the injury of human body sitting position to driver in automobile frontal collision［J］. Mechanical Engineering & Automation， 2015（5）.
7	徐向阳，胡文浩，董红磊，等.自动驾驶汽车测试场景构建关键技术综述［J］.汽车工程，2021，43（4）：610-619.
	XU Xiangyang，HU Wenhao，DONG Honglei.Review of key technologies for autonomous vehicle test scenario construction［J］.Automotive Engineering，2021，43（4）：610-619.
8	TINGVALL C. Children in cars. some aspects of the safety of children as car passengers in road traffic accidents［J］. Acta Paediatrica Scandinevica， 1987 （Suppl. 339）.
9	MOUSNY M， SAINT-MARTIN C， DANSE E， et al. Unusual upper cervical fracture in a 1-year-old girl［J］. Journal of Pediatric Orthopaedics ，2001，21： 590–593.
10	SHERWOOD C P ， FERGUSON S A ， CRANDALL J R . Factors leading to crash fatalities to children in child restraints［J］. Annual Proceedings Association for the Advancement of Automotive Medicine， 2003， 47：343.
11	VERSACE J. A review of the severity index［C］. SAE Paper 710881.
12	TAKHOUNTS E， CRAIG M， et al. Development of brain injury criteria （BrIc）［J］.Stapp Car Crash Journal，2013， 57：243-266.
13	水野幸治，韩勇，陈一唯．汽车碰撞安全［M］．北京：人民交通出版社，2016： 26- 27．
	KOJI Mizuno， HAN Yong， CHEN Yiwei. Automobile crash safety［M］. Beijing： China Communications Press， 2016： 26-27.
14	RUAN J S. Impact biomechanics of head injury by mathematical modeling ［D］.Detroit： Wayne State University，1994．
15	ZHOU C， KHALIL C T B， KING A I. A new model comparing impact responses of the homogeneous and inhomogeneous human brain［C］. SAE Paper 952714.
16	GALBRAITH J A ， THIBAULT L E，MATTESON D R. Mechanical and electrical responses of the squid giant axon to simple elongation［J］. Journal of Biomechanical Engineering， 1993，115（1）：13-22.
17	BANDAK F A， EPPINGER R H.A three dimensional finite element analysis of the human brain under combined rotational and translational acceleration［C］. SAE Paper 942215.

名称	阈值	105°坐姿	120°坐姿	135°坐姿
HPC₁₅	700	281.36	349.93	380.99
a_h3ms/g	80	53.67	61.26	67.10
F_x/N	1 950	643.77	591.02	521.40
F_z/N	2 840	941.25	791.65	739.47
M_y/（N·m）	49	11.93	6.72	3.17
N_ij	1	0.46	0.35	0.30
Von Mises应力/kPa	15	13	16	23
剪切应力/kPa	8（轻度）	15	17	26
剪切应力/kPa	16（严重）	15	17	26
最大主应变	0.1	0.131	0.158	0.185

[1]	王彦鑫,李海岩,崔世海,贺丽娟,吕文乐. 基于BP神经网络的儿童乘员头部损伤预测模型及评估参数研究[J]. 汽车工程, 2024, 46(2): 329-336.
[2]	阮世捷,苏航杰,李海岩,崔世海,贺丽娟,吕文乐. 正面100%重叠刚性壁障碰撞试验仿真中三岁儿童乘员的损伤评价[J]. 汽车工程, 2022, 44(3): 403-411.
[3]	李海岩,苏航杰,祝贺,刘冲,王彦鑫,崔世海,贺丽娟,王一达,吕文乐. 中国体征3岁儿童乘员损伤仿生模型在C-NCAP正面碰撞测试仿真中的应用[J]. 汽车工程, 2022, 44(12): 1944-1953.
[4]	刘刚,洪亮,葛如海. 面向“离位”儿童乘员的常开式安全气囊优化设计[J]. 汽车工程, 2022, 44(1): 94-104.
[5]	葛如海, 崔义忠, 洪亮, 肖轩. 针对12岁儿童的主动式安全气囊的优化^*[J]. 汽车工程, 2020, 42(6): 771-777.

不同坐姿的6岁儿童乘员在MPDB碰撞测试中头颈部损伤评价

Evaluation of Head and Neck Injuries of a Six-year-old Child Occupant with Different Sitting Postures During a MPDB Crash Test

RichHTML

PDF (PC)

赞

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

图/表 10

参考文献 17

相关文章 5

Metrics

本文评价

推荐阅读 10