爆裂轮胎精确建模及其动态特性仿真方法研究

doi:10.19562/j.chinasae.qcgc.2023.05.015

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

汽车行驶中轮胎突然爆裂是极其危险的行驶工况，但轮胎爆裂过程的准确测试分析难度很大，而其现有仿真方法因需大幅简化使得难以描述轮胎爆裂过程的瞬态特性。针对此问题，本文中提出分别模拟胎内、外空气，且考虑轮胎各种材料失效特性、胎内空气与轮胎车轮总成流-固耦合的汽车轮胎爆裂过程仿真分析方法，实现轮胎滚动中爆胎过程的瞬态动力学特性仿真；并通过对比仿真和理论计算结果，验证仿真模型的正确性；同时，通过计算还获得爆裂轮胎内部空气泄漏规律和路面对轮胎径向力的变化特性，以及轮胎速度、胎压与裂口尺寸对爆胎过程持续时间和轮胎力学特性的影响机理。本文工作聚焦于仿真方法研究，对掌握爆裂轮胎瞬态特性、研究爆胎后整车动力学控制策略具有意义。

关键词: 轮胎爆裂, 材料失效, 流-固耦合, 结构化任意拉格朗日-欧拉算法

Abstract:

The tire blow-out is an extremely dangerous case for a running vehicle， but it is difficult to test and analyze the tire blow-out process accurately. Besides， the current simulation method of tire blow-out process is greatly simplified， making it difficult to describe the transient characteristics of tire blow-out process. To solve these problems， the simulation analysis method for automotive tire blow-out process is proposed in this paper， in which the internal and external air of the tire is simulated respectively， and the failure characteristics of various tire materials and the fluid-structure interaction between the air inside the tire and the tire-wheel assembly are considered. The validity of the simulation model and method is verified by comparing the simulation and theoretical calculation results. At the same time， by calculation the air leakage law inside the tire and the variation characteristics of the radial force on the tire from the road are obtained. The influence mechanism of velocity， pressure and crack size on the deflation time and tire mechanical properties is revealed. This paper focuses on the simulation method， which is of great significance for understanding the transient characteristics of burst tires and studying the dynamics control strategy of the vehicle after tire blow-out.

Key words: tire blow?out, material failure, fluid-structure interaction, structured arbitrary Lagrangian?Eulerian algorithm

贾雪峰,冯启章,刘献栋,单颖春. 爆裂轮胎精确建模及其动态特性仿真方法研究[J]. 汽车工程, 2023, 45(5): 854-864.

Xuefeng Jia,Qizhang Feng,Xiandong Liu,Yingchun Shan. Research on Accurate Modeling and Simulation Method of Dynamic Characteristics for Automotive Tire Blow-out Process[J]. Automotive Engineering, 2023, 45(5): 854-864.

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表1

橡胶-帘线复合材料的材料参数"

参数	冠带层	带束1层	带束2层	胎体层
密度/（t·mm^-3）	1.15e-9	7.8e-9	7.8e-9	1.35e-9
$E 1$ /MPa	1 116	21 125.7	21 125.7	1 429.6
$E 2$ /MPa	28.01	43.2	43.2	22.49
$E 3$ /MPa	28.01	43.2	43.2	22.49
$υ 12$	1.07e-2	8.45e-4	8.45e-4	6.11e-3
$υ 13$	1.07e-2	8.45e-4	8.45e-4	6.11e-3
$υ 23$	0.49	0.49	0.49	0.49
$G 12$ /MPa	9.4	11.84	11.84	5.97
$G 13$ /MPa	7.4	11.84	11.84	5.97
$G 23$ /MPa	7.4	14.5	14.5	7.55

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