智能网联汽车多域电子电气架构技术发展研究

doi:10.19562/j.chinasae.qcgc.2023.06.001

Abstract

Abstract:

With the continuous development of intelligent and networked vehicle technologies， the traditional electrical and electronic architecture can no longer meet the new requirements of future-oriented vehicle， road， cloud and network integration development. Focusing on the future-oriented multi-domain electrical and electronic architecture of intelligent networked vehicles， this review provides a detailed review of existing technologies in terms of the four aspects of overall design， hardware system， communication system and software system， and provides an outlook on the development of electrical and electronic architecture in China. This paper can provide an important reference value for the research of automotive electrical and electronic architecture technology.

Key words: Electrical/Electronic architecture, software defined vehicle, service-oriented architecture, hardware & software decoupling, time-sensitive network

Yuan Zou,Wenjing Sun,Xudong Zhang,Jiahui Liu,Ya Wen,Wenbin Ma. Study on the Technology Development of Multi-Domain Electrical and Electronic Architecture for Intelligent Networked Vehicles[J].Automotive Engineering, 2023, 45(6): 895-909.

Figures/Tables 14

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总线名称	通信速率	应用	实时	成本
CAN	125 Kb/s~1 Mb/s	动力系统、车身电子系统等	否	中
LIN	10~125 Kb/s	车窗升降器控制、后视镜调节等	否	低
MOST	≥10 Mb/s	汽车导航系统、多媒体娱乐等	否	高
FlexRay	1~10 Mb/s	ABS、悬挂控制、线控转向等	是	高
ETH	≥100 Mb/s	ADAS、娱乐影音、车联网	否	低

分类	协议	功能
流量分类	IEEE802.1Q	VLAN帧相关，QoS，流优先级定义
流量整形	IEEE802.1Qav	基于信用的整形（CBS），应对突发流量，限制速率
流量整形	IEEE802.1Qcr	异步整形（ATS），流量分离速率控制
流量调度	IEEE802.1Qbv	时间感知整形器（TAS），流量分队，门控列表
流量调度	IEEE802.1Qch	循环排队和转发（CQF），流量周期循环调度
流抢占	IEEE802.1Qbu	设置可被抢占和抢占帧，传输中的流可被中断
流抢占	IEEE802.3br	可抢占式MAC机制

操作系统	实时性	安全等级	应用场景
QNX	实时	ASIL-D	中控/仪表/T-box
Linux/AGL	非实时	QM（须额外增加机制提升安全等级）	中控/仪表/T-box
RT-Linux	实时		仪表
AliOS	非实时		中控
AliOS RT	实时	ASIL-D	仪表
Android	非实时		中控
鸿蒙OS	实时/非实时均支持	ASIL-D	中控/仪表

Study on the Technology Development of Multi-Domain Electrical and Electronic Architecture for Intelligent Networked Vehicles

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