多胞铝合金薄壁管耐撞性分析与区间优化设计

doi:10.19562/j.chinasae.qcgc.2024.07.019

Abstract

Abstract:

Aluminum alloy multi-cell thin-walled tubes have better mechanical properties in energy absorption than ordinary square tubes in axial compression conditions， with a wide range of application prospects in automotive， aviation， military equipment， and other industries. To study the anisotropic characteristics of extruded 6061-T6 aluminum alloy material， uniaxial tensile mechanical properties tests are conducted on the sheet along the extrusion direction of 0°， 45°， and 90°. The corresponding stress-strain curves and anisotropic characteristic parameters are obtained， and the material constitutive model is established based on the yield criterion of anisotropic hardening behavior. Tubes with different cross-sectional configurations shaped as the Chinese characters of mouth， day and eye are designed and quasi-static crushing tests are conducted. By analyzing the deformation crushing force curve， it is shown that the thin-walled structure of the triple-cell alloy has superior crash resistance performance. In order to further obtain the optimal design parameters of the triple-shaped tube， considering the uncertain effect of material parameter fluctuations such as Poisson's ratio and elastic modulus on the structural impact resistance， the multi-cell aluminum alloy thin-walled tube impact resistance interval uncertainty optimization model is established. The interval possibility degree method is used to transform it into a deterministic problem. By combining the Artificial Neural Networks （ANNs） model with the Intergeneration Projection Genetic Algorithm （IP-GA） method， a double-layer nested optimization is performed on this problem to analyze the impact of different likelihood levels on uncertainty optimization results， providing guidance for the selection of different reliability optimization design.

Key words: aluminum alloy thin-walled tubes, material constitutive, multi cell structure, crash resistance, interval optimization

Lijun Qian,Luxin Yu,Xianguang Gu,Wenyu Liang. Crushing Analysis and Interval Optimization Design for Multi Cell Aluminum Alloy Thin-Walled Tubes[J].Automotive Engineering, 2024, 46(7): 1323-1334.

Figures/Tables 29

$r 0$	$r 90$	$r 45$
0.44	0.913	0.745

参数	0°	45°	90°
$C$	435.43	426.64	406.12
$ε 0$	0.002	0.002	0.002
$n$	0.31	0.30	0.32
$σ s a t$	310.25	304.31	299.52
$α$	0.77	0.75	0.77
$q$	0.89	0.95	0.82

设计变量	初始值/mm	设计下限/mm	设计上限/mm
$t 1$	2.2	1.8	3.0
$t 2$	2.2	1.8	3.0
$t 3$	2.2	1.8	3.0
d	22.0	12.0	32.0

区间变量	初始值	设计下限	设计上限
$U 1$ （泊松比）	0.33	0.30	0.36
$U 2$ （弹性模量）	70 GPa	65 GPa	75 GPa

项目		优化前	优化后	性能提升
SEA/（J·g^-1）	目标函数区间	［14.72，16.84］	［15.73，17.26］
	$f c (X)$	15.78	16.50	4.56%
	$f w (X)$	1.01	0.77	23.81%
MCF/kN	约束区间	［65.34，69.72］	［64.37，67.50］
	$f c (X)$	67.53	65.94	2.35%
	$f w (X)$	2.19	1.56	28.76%
PCF/kN	约束区间	［92.67，100.83］	［91.12，99.26］
	$f c (X)$	96.75	95.19	1.6%
	$f w (X)$	4.08	4.07	0.2%
变量	［ $t 1$ ， $t 2$ ， $t 3$ ，d］	［2.2，2.2，2.2，22］	［2.1，2.1，2.4，21］

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序号	a/mm	b/mm	t/mm	d/mm
1	80	70	2.2
2	88	70	2.2
3	110	60	2.2	22

截面	长度/mm	SEA/（J·g^-1）	PCF/kN	MCF/kN	CFE
口子型	300	13.02	88.0	34.82	0.40
日字型	300	15.40	95.3	43.89	0.46
目字型	300	16.13	92.7	69.83	0.75
目字型	400	15.38	93.6	67.18	0.71

截面	项目	SEA/（J·g^-1）	PCF/kN	MCF/kN	CFE
目字型（300 mm）	试验	16.13	92.7	69.83	0.75
	仿真	15.93	95.3	67.04	0.71
	误差	1.86%	2.84%	4.00%	5.33%
目字型（400 mm）	试验	15.38	93.6	67.18	0.71
	仿真	15.95	97.1	65.23	0.67
	误差	3.71%	3.73%	2.90%	5.63%

可能度	设计变量/mm	SEA/（J·g^-1）	MCF/kN	PCF/kN
0.2	［1.8，1.5，2.8，15］	［19.48，20.76］	［66.86，69.95］	［94.16，103.33］
0.5	［2.6，2.0，1.6，18］	［17.38，18.84］	［65.52，68.95］	［93.27，101.37］
0.8	［2.1，2.1，2.4，21］	［16.73，18.26］	［64.37，67.50］	［91.12，99.26］
1.0	［2.0，2.1，2.2，20］	［15.73，17.26］	［63.02，67.04］	［89.23，94.17］

Crushing Analysis and Interval Optimization Design for Multi Cell Aluminum Alloy Thin-Walled Tubes

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References 16

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项目	目标函数	约束函数
项目	SEA/（J·g^-1）	MCF/kN	PCF/kN
目标	Maximize	≤67.04	≤95.30