考虑接触几何的三球销式等速万向节多维动力学特性研究

doi:10.19562/j.chinasae.qcgc.2025.12.015

Abstract

Abstract:

In order to investigate the influence of geometries of contact pairs on the multi-dimensional dynamic characteristics of tripod joints， in this paper a dynamic performance analysis method considering contact geometry is proposed. Firstly， based on the principles of conjugate surface， the contact geometry model of a roller-track pair is established， and the constraint relationship between them is solved. Subsequently， a multi-body dynamics model integrating contact geometry characteristics is developed using ADAMS software. And by combining the automatic contact point detection algorithm with geometric projection constraint equations， the computational accuracy of the positions of contact points between rollers and tracks is improved， enabling more precise simulation of their contact mechanics properties. The accuracy of the model is validated through bench tests. The results show that when the contact pressure angle between rollers and tracks increases to 20°， the generated axial force can be reduced by approximately 29% without increasing the joint size， significantly mitigating the excitation of vehicle lateral vibration. This study provides a new approach to resolving the conflict between high NVH performance and lightweight design in tripod constant velocity joints.

Key words: tripod joint, contact geometry, multi dimension, multi-body dynamics

Yinyuan Qiu,Guojing Lin,Yunfei Zha,Xiaoyong Wu,Liang Hong,Qinda Zeng. Research on the Multi-dimensional Dynamic Characteristics of Tripod Joints Considering Contact Geometry[J].Automotive Engineering, 2025, 47(12): 2431-2440.

Figures/Tables 26

References 27

[1]	URBINATI F， PENNESTRÌ E. Kinematic and dynamic analyses of the tripode joint ［J］. Multibody System Dynamics， 1998， 2（4）： 355-367.
[2]	陈静，史文库. 三枢轴式等速万向节接触应力的有限元分析［J］. 汽车工程， 2008， 30（1）： 66-68.
	CHEN J， SHI W K. A FE analysis on contact stresses in tripot universal joint ［J］. Automotive Engineering， 2008， 30（1）： 66-68.
[3]	周宗琳，田子龙，任超. 驱动轴夹角与整车横摆试验研究［J］. 噪声与振动控制， 2019， 39（6）： 102-105.
	ZHOU Z L， TIAN Z L， REN C. Study on the drive shaft angle and vehicle yaw test［J］. Journal of Noise and Vibration Control， 2019， 39（6）： 102-105.
[4]	石宇鹏，张全逾，阳郴郴. 关于驱动轴引起的汽车横向振动探析［J］. 汽车零部件， 2020（9）： 35-39.
	SHI Y P， ZHANG Q Y， YANG C C. Analysis of lateral vibration of automobiles caused by drive shaft ［J］. Automotive Components， 2020 （9）： 35-39.
[5]	FUNAHASHI M， FUJIO T， SAKIHARA R. Evolution of fixed constant velocity joint that contributes to environ-mental protection ［J］. NTN Technical Review， 2023， 89： 73-78.
[6]	查云飞，郑利渊，邱胤原，等. 基于NSGA-Ⅱ的纯电动汽车悬置系统隔振率优化［J］. 汽车工程， 2024， 46（11）： 2091-2099.
	ZHA Y F， ZHENG L Y， QIU Y Y， et al. Optimization of vibration isolation rate of pure electric vehicle mounting system based on NSGA-II ［J］. Automotive Engineering， 2024， 46（11）： 2091-2099.
[7]	SERVETO S， MARIOT J P， DIABY M. Modelling and measuring the axial force generated by tripod joint of automotive drive-shaft ［J］. Multibody System Dynamics， 2008， 19（3）： 209-226.
[8]	LIM Y H， SONG M E， LEE W H， et al. Multibody dynamics analysis of the driveshaft coupling of the ball and tripod types of constant velocity joints ［J］. Multibody System Dynamics， 2009， 22： 145-162.
[9]	冯华渊，上官文斌， RAKHEJA S，等. 驱动轴系统轴向派生力的测试与计算分析方法［J］. 振动工程学报， 2021， 34（2）： 253-261.
	FENG H Y， SHANGGUAN W B， RAKHEJA S， et al. Testing and calculation analysis methods for axial derived forces of the drive shaft system ［J］. Journal of Vibration Engineering， 2021， 34（2）： 253-261.
[10]	LEE C H， POLYCARPOU A A. A phenomenological friction model of tripod constant velocity （CV） joints ［J］. Tribology International， 2010， 43（4）：844-858.
[11]	LEE K H， LEE D W， CHUNG J H， et al. Design of generated axial force measurement tester for tripod constant velocity joints under shudder condition ［J］. Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology， 2014， 28： 4005-4010.
[12]	JO G， KIM S， DONG W， et al. Estimation of generated axial force considering rolling-sliding friction in tripod type constant velocity joint ［J］. Tribology Transactions， 2018， 61： 888-899．
[13]	SUGIURA H， ANDO Y， KASHIWAGI I， et al. Study on thrust force reduction of tripod constant velocity joint ［J］. Journal of System Design and Dynamics， 2011， 5（8）： 1687-1699.
[14]	FENG H， SHANGGUAN W B， RAKHEJA S. Modeling and analysis of nonlinear axial friction forces of tripod joints considering roughness characteristics of contact pairs ［J］. Journal of Sound and Vibration， 2022， 536： 117148.
[15]	冯华渊，上官文斌，康英姿. 考虑粗糙表面特性的驱动轴系统轴向派生力的区间不确定性优化［J］. 机械工程学报， 2022， 58（1）： 221-230.
	FENG H Y， SHANGGUAN W B， KANG Y Z. Interval uncertainty optimization of axial derived forces in the drive shaft system considering the characteristics of rough surfaces ［J］. Journal of Mechanical Engineering， 2022， 58（1）： 221-230.
[16]	FENG H， SHANGGUAN W B， QIN W. Research on plunging resistant force of drive-shaft systems based on fractal methods ［J］. Tribology Transactions， 2024， 67（4）： 817-830.
[17]	SIMPSON M， DOLATABADI N， MORRIS N， et al. Analysis of a cross groove constant velocity joint mechanism designed for high performance racing conditions ［J］. Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers， Part K： Journal of Multi-body Dynamics， 2023， 237（1）： 16-33.
[18]	SIMPSON M， DOLATABADI N， MORRIS R， et al. Multibody dynamics of cross groove constant velocity ball joints for high performance racing applications ［J］. Mechanism and Machine Theory， 2023， 188： 105407.
[19]	INNOCENTI C. The instantaneous transmission ratio of a driveshaft composed of a tripod joint and a fixed constant velocity joint ［J］. Mechanism and Machine Theory， 2023， 189： 105430.
[20]	张海，冉祥瑞，蔡家祺，等. 轮轨接触几何非线性对车辆动力学性能的影响［J］. 铁道科学与工程学报， 2022， 19（6）： 1743-1752.
	ZHANG H， RAN X R， CAI J Q， et al. Influence of nonlinear geometry parameters of wheel-rail contact on dynamic vehicle performance ［J］. Journal of Railway Science and Engineering， 2022， 19（6）： 1743-1752.
[21]	覃刚，张云清，吴昌林. 球笼式等速万向节动力学仿真分析系统的开发［J］. 轴承， 2003（7）： 4-7.
	QIN G， ZHANG Y Q， WU C L. Dynamics simulation analysis system for ball basket constant velocity universal joint ［J］. Bearing， 2003（7）： 4-7.
[22]	HAMROCK B， BREWE D. Simplified solution for stresses and deformation ［J］. ASME Journal of Lubrication Technology， 1983， 105： 171-177．
[23]	PENNESTRÌ E， ROSSI V， SALVINI P， et al. Review and comparison of dry friction force models［J］. Nonlinear Dynamics， 2016， 83： 1785-1801.
[24]	高一佳. ADAMS中的接触与接触摩擦作用机制实例详解［J］. 汽车实用技术， 2017（6）： 64-66.
	GAO Y J. Detailed explanation of contact and contact friction mechanism in ADAMS ［J］. Automotive Practical Technology， 2017（6）： 64-66.
[25]	汽车驱动轴总成：QC/T 1020—2023 ［S］. 2023.
	Automotive drive shaft assembly： QC/T 1020—2023 ［S］. 2023.
[26]	JOHNSON K L. Contact mechanics ［M］. Cambridge University Press， 1987.
[27]	于沅鑫，薛平，沙潇，等. 基于Opti-Struct的电机控制器NVH分析与设计优化［J］. 上海汽车， 2025 （2）： 30-35.
	YU Y X， XUE P， SHA X， et al. NVH analysis and design optimization of motor controller based on opti-struct ［J］. Shanghai Automobile， 2025 （2）： 30-35.

[1]	LI Huan, HUANG Ying, ZHANG Fu-Jun, ZHAO Yu, GE Yan-Wu. [J]. , 2016, 38(12): 1420 -1426 .
[2]	HAO Han, WANG Si-南, LI Xiao, LIU Zong-Wei, ZHAO Fu-Quan. [J]. , 2017, 39(1): 1 -8 .
[3]	XU Cheng-Shan, JIANG Fa-Chao, SONG Sen-Nan, TIAN Guang-Yu. [J]. , 2017, 39(1): 9 -14 .
[4]	JIANG Ting, DAI Bing. [J]. , 2016, 38(12): 1459 -1466 .
[5]	ZHANG Yi-Bing, 吕Jian-Jun , YUAN Guang-Hui. [J]. , 2016, 38(12): 1467 -1470 .
[6]	ZHANG Lei, ZHANG Jin-Qiu, LUO Tao, BI Zhan-Dong, YAO Jun. [J]. , 2016, 38(12): 1494 -1499 .
[7]	CUI An, LI Bin, WANG Xue-Liang, ZHANG Shi-Zhan. [J]. , 2016, 38(12): 1521 -1525 .
[8]	CHU Liang, ZHAO Di, LI Wen-Hui. [J]. , 2017, 39(1): 61 -65 .
[9]	FENG Chong, ZHANG Dong-Hao, LUO Yu-Gong, LI Ke-Qiang. [J]. , 2017, 39(1): 66 -72 .
[10]	HAN Xiao-Mei, LIN Xue-Dong, LI De-Gang. [J]. , 2017, 39(1): 23 -27 .

符号	定义
D	三柱槽壳内腔底面中心
O	滚道轴线与三柱槽壳内腔底面的交点
O′	球环中心

坐标系	原点	j轴	k轴
O-ijk	O	平行于DO	滚道轴线
O′-i′j′k′	O′	球环轴线	任意垂直于球环轴线的向量

符号	单位	定义
r_is	mm	滚道圆柱面半径
r_os	mm	球环外球面半径
α_p	（°）	接触压力角
x， y， z	mm	坐标系O-ijk下球环中心的i、j、k坐标值

参数	数值
万向节传动轴总成中心距/mm	446.7
滚道节圆半径/mm	26.8
球环外表面半径/mm	19.39
滚道表面的半径/mm	19.42
接触压力角/（°）	10

参数	数值
参数	55#	GCr15
弹性模量/Pa	2.01×10¹¹	2.06×10¹¹
泊松比	0.30	0.29

Research on the Multi-dimensional Dynamic Characteristics of Tripod Joints Considering Contact Geometry

RichHTML

PDF (PC)

Like

Knowledge

Abstract

Cite this article

share this article

Figures/Tables 26

References 27

Related Articles 2

Metrics

Comments

Recommended 10

符号	单位	定义
δ	（°）	万向节的工作夹角
n_d	r·min^-1	输入转速
M_d	N·m	输入转矩
M_l	N·m	负载转矩

参数	数值
转速/（r·min^-1）	200
负载转矩/（N·m）	400、600
工作夹角/（°）	2、4、6、8、10、12

步骤	负载转矩/（N·m）	输入转速/ （r·min^-1）	工作夹角	持续时间/min
1	+300	+200	0° ~ 15°范围内正弦变化，频率为0.07 Hz	30
2	+600	+200		90
3	-300	-200		30
4	-600	-200		90

参数	数值
驱动轴转速/（r·min^-1）	1
力矩/（N·m）	200
轴向激励幅值/mm	0.07
轴向激励频率/Hz	30
工作夹角/（°）	2.5、5、7.5、10
运行时间/min	2

参数	数值
转速/（r·min^-1）	200
力矩/（N·m）	400、600、800
工作夹角/（°）	8

参数	数值
转速/（r·min^-1）	1
力矩/（N·m）	180、200、220
轴向振动幅值/mm	0.07
轴向振动频率/Hz	30
工作夹角/（°）	7.5

[1]	Xiaole Wang,Yanchao Guo,Xiaodong Xu,Lei Wang,Baobao Dai,Zhining Zhang,Yang Yang. Research on Liquid Sloshing Dynamic Behavior of Hazardous Chemical Liquid Tank Truck on the Medium and Long Wave Undulating Roads [J]. Automotive Engineering, 2025, 47(1): 187-200.
[2]	Yuepu Liu,Ying Guan,Yan Zhang,Liang Zhao,Qiang Chen,Jingling Yang,Tuo Shen. Gear Rattle Optimization of Balance Shaft of HEV [J]. Automotive Engineering, 2023, 45(4): 690-698.