车辆斜角碰撞中不同百分位假人伤害对比研究

doi:10.19562/j.chinasae.qcgc.2021.08.013

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

斜角碰撞是交通事故中最常见的碰撞类型之一。然而，目前针对斜角碰撞的研究和标准较少，且保护对象主要以50^th假人为主，对5^th假人和95^th假人的重视程度不足。为完善汽车碰撞安全标准，进一步减少斜角碰撞事故中乘员伤亡，搭建了18°斜角碰撞工况试验平台，建立了3种工况试验方法，并通过15个车型、69次试验数据对比，分析了斜角碰撞中5^th假人、50^th假人和95^th假人各部位的伤害情况。结果表明：50^th假人颈部、骨盆和右大腿伤害风险最大，而5^th假人的头部和胸部损伤指标比50^th假人分别高了12.2%和34.1%，95^th假人的左大腿力比50^th假人高了456.8%，表明18°斜角碰撞中不同身材的驾驶员均会受到不同程度损伤；本研究为完善汽车安全相关标准提供了数据支撑和技术支持，也对车企优化车型设计具有指导意义。

关键词: 斜角碰撞, 滑车试验, 假人伤害, 对比研究

Abstract:

Oblique crash is one of the most common types of traffic accidents. However，there are only few researches and related regulations available on oblique crash and their protection object is mainly the 50^th dummy， without paying due attention to 5^th and 95^th dummies. In order to improve the relevant standards on vehicle safety and further reduce the casualties in oblique crash accidents， a test platform for 18° oblique crash is built， three test methods are established， and data of 69 tests for 15 vehicle models are compared to analyze the injuries of different parts of the 5th， 50th and 95th dummies. The results show that the neck， pelvis and right thigh of the 50th dummy have the highest risk of injury， the head and chest injury indicators of the 5th dummy are 12.2% and 34.1% higher than that of the 50th dummy respectively， while the left thigh force of the 95th dummy is 456.8% higher than that of the 50th dummy， indicating that all drivers with different statures shall suffer injury to different degrees in 18°oblique crash. This study provides the most powerful data and technical supports for further improvement of related vehicle safety standards and also has guiding significance for vehicle enterprises in optimizing vehicle design.

Key words: oblique crash, sled test, dummy injury, comparative study

武永强,张爱法,娄磊. 车辆斜角碰撞中不同百分位假人伤害对比研究[J]. 汽车工程, 2021, 43(8): 1216-1222.

Yongqiang Wu,Aifa Lou Lei Zhang. Comparative Study on the Injury of Different Percentile Dummies in Vehicle Oblique Crash[J]. Automotive Engineering, 2021, 43(8): 1216-1222.

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