汽车工程 ›› 2025, Vol. 47 ›› Issue (8): 1459-1467.doi: 10.19562/j.chinasae.qcgc.2025.08.003

• • 上一篇    

基于量子密钥的无人机辅助车辆认证方案

程腾1(),曹子昂1,谢先立2,洪欣羽2,杨泽1,石琴1   

  1. 1.合肥工业大学汽车与交通工程学院,合肥 230009
    2.重庆长安汽车股份有限公司,重庆 400023
  • 收稿日期:2024-12-18 修回日期:2025-02-01 出版日期:2025-08-25 发布日期:2025-08-18
  • 通讯作者: 程腾 E-mail:cht616@hfut.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    安徽省科技创新攻坚计划项目(202423r06050003);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(JZ2023YQTD0073);安徽省重点研究与开发计划项目(202304A05020087);中国工程院院地合作项目(2023-DFZD-03)

Quantum Key-Based UAV-Assisted Vehicle Authentication Scheme

Teng Cheng1(),Ziang Cao1,Xianli Xie2,Xinyu Hong2,Ze Yang1,Qin Shi1   

  1. 1.School of Automotive and Transportation Engineering,Hefei University of Technology,Hefei 230009
    2.Chongqing Changan Automobile Co. ,Ltd. ,Chongqing 400023
  • Received:2024-12-18 Revised:2025-02-01 Online:2025-08-25 Published:2025-08-18
  • Contact: Teng Cheng E-mail:cht616@hfut.edu.cn

摘要:

随着车路云一体化的快速发展,路边单元(road side units,RSU)在车载自组网络(vehicular Ad-hoc networks,VANET)中的通信作用愈加显著。当RSU出现故障时,无人机凭借其快速部署、灵活等优点,可以快速充当临时移动基站。由于无人机与车辆之间通信的网络结构是开放且动态变化的,实现安全通信和轻量化认证是亟须解决的问题。因此,本文基于量子对称密钥和物理不可克隆函数(physical unclonable function,PUF)等混合加密方法确保信息传输的安全性,并实现对恶意无人机或车辆身份信息的追溯。性能分析表明,相比于其他轻量级认证方案,本文方案在车辆计算开销方面可降低约为5.82%-63.28%,在无人机计算开销方面可降低约为43.98%-65.98%。

关键词: 量子密钥, 车载自组网络, 身份认证, PUF

Abstract:

With the rapid development of vehicle-road-cloud integration, Road Side Units (RSUs) have become increasingly significant in communication within Vehicular Ad-hoc Networks (VANETs). When RSUs malfunction, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), leveraging their rapid deployment and flexibility, can swiftly serve as temporary mobile base stations. Given the open and dynamically changing network structure for communication between UAVs and vehicles, achieving secure communication and lightweight authentication is an urgent issue that needs to be addressed. Therefore, in this paper a hybrid encryption method based on quantum symmetric keys and Physical Unclonable Functions (PUFs) is proposed to ensure the security of information transmission and enable tracing of malicious UAVs or vehicle identities. Performance analysis shows that, compared to other lightweight authentication schemes, the proposed solution reduces computational overhead by approximately 5.82%-63.28% for vehicles and by around 43.98%-65.98% for UAVs.

Key words: quantum key, VANET, identity authentication, PUF