平头货车在考虑侧风影响下的气动阻力系数优化

doi:10.19562/j.chinasae.qcgc.2021.05.010

Abstract

Abstract:

In this paper， the aerodynamic drag coefficient of a cabover truck is optimized with consideration of the effects of crosswind. Firstly， a model for the cabover truck is built and simplified， with the weighted drag coefficient， which is obtained based on the distribution probability of crosswind at different deflection angles， as the evaluation indicator of drag reduction optimization. Then with the simplified model as the model for parameter optimization， seven styling parameters of cab and three styling parameters of cargo container are selected as design variables， combined with Latin hypercube sampling， two variants of the design of experiments are proposed： taking the weighted drag coefficient and the drag coefficient without crosswind as the response， respectively， in which 40 samples of cab and 16 samples of cargo container are generated， and a simulation is conducted to obtain the drag coefficients at different deflection angles and hence the weighted drag coefficient. Finally， an optimization is performed by utilizing the Kriging approximation model of Isight platform and using the adaptive simulated annealing optimization algorithm and an optimized scheme for drag reduction is obtained. The results show that the weighted drag coefficient of the optimized cab reduces by 168 counts， equivalent to a falling rate of 21.90%； the weighted drag coefficient of the cargo container reduces by 94 counts， equivalent to a dropping rate of 12.25%， achieving an apparent drag reduction effect.

Key words: cabover truck, aerodynamic drag reduction optimization, crosswind, weighted drag coefficient

Yingchao Zhang,Tao Liu,Huinan Cao,Zhe Zhang,Guohua Wang. Optimization of Aerodynamic Drag Coefficient for a Cabover Truck Considering the Effects of Crosswind[J].Automotive Engineering, 2021, 43(5): 713-720.

Figures/Tables 21

优化方案	0°	3°	6°	9°	12°	15°	$C d ˉ$ _仿真
简化模型	0.575	0.650	0.948	1.064	1.197	1.212	0.767
驾驶室-优化方法1	0.536	0.548	0.597	0.841	1.102	1.118	0.599
驾驶室-优化方法2	0.522	0.552	0.625	1.078	1.175	1.223	0.629
货箱-优化方法1	0.485	0.562	0.853	0.959	1.039	1.062	0.673
货箱-优化方法2	0.473	0.564	0.861	0.978	1.047	1.072	0.676

References 14

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类型	相关设置参数
湍流模型	可实现的K?E模型
边界条件	入口速度v=100 km/h 出口压力p=0 滑移壁面地面滑移+非滑移
边界层	层数5 厚度8 mm 增长比1.2
网格基础尺寸	0.1 m
计算域	13L×11W×6H

侧风偏角β/(°)	0	3	6	9	12	15
来流速度v/(km·h^-1)	100	100	100	100	100	100
车速v₁/(km·h^-1)	100	99.863	99.452	98.769	97.815	96.593
侧风速度v₂/(km·h^-1)	0	5.233	10.453	15.643	20.791	25.882

侧风偏角β/（°）	权重系数
0	0.149 2
3	0.478 5
6	0.259 3
9	0.084 9
12	0.021 5
15	0.006 6

序号	设计变量	初始值/m	变化范围/m
1	A	0.65	[0.3,1]
2	B	1.5	[1.3,1.8]
3	C	0.13	[0.05,0.2]
4	R₁	0.3	[0.1,0.5]
5	R₂	0.1	[0.05,0.2]
6	R₃	0.2	[0.1,0.5]
7	R₄	0.05	[0.05,0.4]
8	R₅	0.005	[0.005,0.25]
9	R₆	0.005	[0.005,0.25]
10	R₇	0.005	[0.005,0.25]

Optimization of Aerodynamic Drag Coefficient for a Cabover Truck Considering the Effects of Crosswind

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References 14

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