电动车辆动力电池安全预警策略研究综述

doi:10.19562/j.chinasae.qcgc.2023.08.010

Abstract

Abstract:

Battery safety has become an important issue restricting the development of electric vehicles. Accurate and timely battery safety warning can ensure the safety of occupants' life and property and improve the safety level of electric vehicles. A comprehensive review on the battery safety warning strategies in electric vehicles is conducted in this paper. Firstly， the definition of battery safety state is reviewed， and the framework of this review is proposed. Then， the battery safety characteristics and safety influencing factors analysis， battery-modeling methods， battery safety risk assessment/prediction methods are reviewed in detail. The advantages and disadvantages of different methods are summarized. Finally， the achievements and deficiencies of existing researches are summarized， and the development trend of battery safety warning technology in electric vehicle is proposed， including the new sensor technology， multi-factor integrated battery safety warning method and "terminal-side-cloud " battery safety warning system. This review provides a reference for further research on the safety warning strategy of electric vehicle battery.

Key words: electric vehicle, power battery, safety warning, safety risk assessment, battery modelling

Da Li,Junjun Deng,Zhaosheng Zhang,Peng Liu,Zhenpo Wang. Review on Power Battery Safety Warning Strategy in Electric Vehicles[J].Automotive Engineering, 2023, 45(8): 1392-1407.

Figures/Tables 10

References 154

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[1]	ZHOU Wei, ZHANG Cheng-Ning, LI Jun-Qiu. [J]. , 2016, 38(12): 1407 -1414 .
[2]	HAO Han, WANG Si-南, LI Xiao, LIU Zong-Wei, ZHAO Fu-Quan. [J]. , 2017, 39(1): 1 -8 .
[3]	ZONG Yi-Qi, GU Zheng-Qi, LUO Ze-Min, JIANG Cai-Mao, ZHANG Qi-Dong, YANG Zhen-Dong. [J]. , 2016, 38(12): 1427 -1433 .
[4]	XU Cheng-Shan, JIANG Fa-Chao, SONG Sen-Nan, TIAN Guang-Yu. [J]. , 2017, 39(1): 9 -14 .
[5]	ZENG Bi-Qiang, GAO Ji-Dong, PENG Wei, SUN Zhen-Dong. [J]. , 2016, 38(12): 1446 -1451 .
[6]	LI Ling, MA Li, MOU Yu, XU Chao, LI Wen-Ru, SHI Shu-Ming. [J]. , 2016, 38(12): 1508 -1514 .
[7]	CUI An, LI Bin, WANG Xue-Liang, ZHANG Shi-Zhan. [J]. , 2016, 38(12): 1521 -1525 .
[8]	FENG Chong, ZHANG Dong-Hao, LUO Yu-Gong, LI Ke-Qiang. [J]. , 2017, 39(1): 66 -72 .
[9]	DONG Zhu-Rong, ZHANG Xin, HU Song-Hua, QIU Hao. [J]. , 2017, 39(1): 79 -85 .
[10]	QIN Xiao-Hui, WANG Jian-Qiang, XIE Bo-Yuan, HU Man-Jiang, LI Ke-Qiang. [J]. , 2017, 39(1): 73 -78 .

等级	描述	电池安全问题严重性分类标准
0	正常	没有效果。不会丧失功能。
1	可逆的功能性损伤	没有缺陷；无渗漏；无产气、无着火、无火焰；没有破裂；没有爆炸；没有放热反应或热失控。电池功能暂时丧失。需要复位保护装置。
2	不可逆损伤	无渗漏；无产气、无着火、无火焰；没有破裂；没有爆炸；没有放热反应或热失控。不可逆损害。需要修理。
3	泄漏	无产气、无着火、无火焰；没有破裂；没有爆炸。电解质质量减轻<50%。轻微烟雾（电解质=溶剂+盐）。
4	产气	无着火、无火焰；没有破裂；没有爆炸。电解质质量减轻≥50%。浓烟（电解质=溶剂+盐）。
5	着火或火焰	没有破裂；没有爆炸。
6	破裂	没有爆炸。电池可能分解，但速度很慢，没有高热量或高动能的飞行部件。
7	爆炸	爆炸（即在具有外部破坏性的热力和动能的作用下，电池解体）。暴露出超过职业安全与健康标准限制的有毒物质。

分类	参数项	含义
外部参数	端电压	电池正负两极之间的电压
	表面温度	电池在使用时由于内部结构发生化学反应、电子迁移等原因而导致电池表面发热的现象
	电流	单位时间里通过导体任一横截面的电量
内部参数	内阻	电池在工作时，电流流过电池内部所受到的阻力，包括欧姆内阻和极化内阻
	内部温度	电池在使用时由于内部结构发生化学反应、电子迁移等原因而导致电池内部发热的现象
	容量	电池存储电量的大小
	荷电状态	电池使用一段时间或长期搁置不用后的剩余容量与其完全充电状态的容量的比值

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Review on Power Battery Safety Warning Strategy in Electric Vehicles

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