低黏度润滑油对重型商用柴油机节能减排和可靠性的影响研究

doi:10.19562/j.chinasae.qcgc.2024.05.019

Abstract

Abstract:

The effectiveness of low viscosity lubricating oil is demonstrated from the two aspects of friction loss and pumping power consumption， and its feasibility is investigated by simulation calculation and tribological test. The effect of low viscosity lubricating oil on heavy-duty commercial diesel engines is studied from three dimensions of economy， emission and reliability. The economy is mainly evaluated by comparing the friction loss and fuel consumption. The emission performance is evaluated by the WHTC emission cycle and oil consumption. The reliability is evaluated by comparison of bench durability and road test. The results show that the friction loss can be reduced by 3.6%~12.5%. The fuel economy is significantly affected by the load， and at the common working conditions low viscosity lubricating oil cand save （1~2） g/（kW?h）. There is little effect on NO _x and PM emissions. Oil consumption differences are within 5%. In the durability process， the oil pressure and leakage fluctuation meet the requirements， and the oil monitoring data are acceptable. After durability， the appearance of the key friction pairs is acceptable and the change of wear dimension is small， so the reliability is acceptable. The market verifies that the fuel saving effect is about 6.41%， and the oil change interval is not affected by low viscosity lubricating oil. The research conclusions provide data basis for the completion of dual-carbon targets and the promotion and application of low-viscosity lubricants， especially the switch of mature models in sale.

Key words: low viscosity lubricating oil, friction loss, fuel economy, reliability

Yong Cui,Jun Liu,Chao Wang,Yibao Wang,Jianwei Liu,Linchuan Zhang. Study on the Effect of Low Viscosity Lubricating Oil on Fuel Economy and Durability of Heavy Commercial Diesel Engine[J].Automotive Engineering, 2024, 46(5): 935-944.

Figures/Tables 15

References 24

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发动机型式	直列、六缸、四冲程、四气门、增压中冷、高压共轨
缸径×行程/（mm×mm）	127×165
排量/L	12.54
额定功率/kW	405
额定转速/（r·min^-1）	1 900
最大转矩/（N·m）	2 550
最大转矩转速/（r·min^-1）	950-1 400
压缩比	17∶1
爆压/MPa	17.5

设备名称	型号	精度	生产厂家
测功机	CAC600	转速±1 r/min；转矩±0.1%FS	湘仪动力测试仪器有限公司
油耗仪	735	0.12%	奥地利AVL公司
气体排放设备	MEXA-ONE	量程0~10000×10^-6	HORIBA
颗粒排放设备	472	分辨率±0.1 L/min；测量精度±2%	AVL
摩擦磨损试验机	SRV-4	载荷1-2 000 N和0.5-200 N；频率1-511 Hz和0.01-511 Hz 行程0.01-5 mm；低温模块-35~350 ℃ 高温模块室温~900 ℃	德国Optimol
原子发射光谱分析仪	SPECTROILM	0.1 mg/kg	美国超普公司
石油产品运动黏度测定器	SYP1003-1X	0.01 mm²/s	上海神开石油仪器有限公司

质量等级规格	黏度等级规格	机器兼容性	润滑油兼容性	对燃油要求
CK-4	对应XW-30及以上的黏度级别。	对于以往型号发动机具有较好的兼容性，特别适用于采用EGR、DPF、SCR等技术的柴油发动机；长换油周期性。	可向下兼容CH-4、CI-4、CK-4+和CJ-4等现行的柴油机油规格。	硫含量不大于500 μg/g，但硫含量高于15 μg/g会影响后处理系统的耐久性和发动机换油周期。
FA-4	对应XW-30及以下的黏度级别，对于高温高剪切黏度限制严格。	不兼容现有的柴油机，建议匹配新型柴油机。	与现行其他规格机油不能兼容混用。	要求使用硫含量低于15 μg/g的燃料。

排放指标	参比油A	试验油B	试验油C
NO _x /（g·（kW·h）^-1）	7.87	7.81	7.7
PM/（g·（kW·h）^-1）	0.031	0.031	0.036

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Study on the Effect of Low Viscosity Lubricating Oil on Fuel Economy and Durability of Heavy Commercial Diesel Engine

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