Administrator by China Associction for Science and Technology
Sponsored by China Society of Automotive Engineers
Published by AUTO FAN Magazine Co. Ltd.

Automotive Engineering ›› 2025, Vol. 47 ›› Issue (9): 1731-1741.doi: 10.19562/j.chinasae.qcgc.2025.09.009

Previous Articles    

Adaptive Suspension Parameters-Based State Estimation Using Road Classification

Jiawei Shi1,Hao Chen1,2(),Zhifei Zhang1,2,Zhongming Xu1,Kanlun Tan2,3,Li Yang2,3   

  1. 1.School of Mechanical and Vehicle Engineering,Chongqing University,Chongqing 400044
    2.State Key Laboratory of Intelligent Vehicle Safety Technology,Chongqing 401133
    3.Chongqing Changan Automobile Co. ,Ltd. ,Chongqing 400023
  • Received:2024-10-29 Revised:2025-02-26 Online:2025-09-25 Published:2025-09-19
  • Contact: Hao Chen E-mail:chen.h@cqu.edu.cn

Abstract:

Accurate acquisition of relative suspension velocity information is crucial for improving vehicle ride comfort and stability. Road classification can provide prior information for suspension state estimation and control, thereby enhancing the accuracy of suspension state estimation. Therefore, in this paper an adaptive suspension parameters-based Kalman filter algorithm is proposed based on road classification. The algorithm adjusts the characteristics parameters of the suspension model and the covariance matrix of the Kalman filter according to the road classification results, so as to obtain accurate relative suspension velocity information. Firstly, a road classification method based on a Long Short-Term Memory neural network is designed using signals from the vehicle’s Inertial Measurement Unit. Next, a 7-degree-of-freedom vehicle suspension system model is constructed with road surface roughness as the input. A genetic algorithm is employed to identify the spring stiffness and damper coefficient for different road classes, resulting in an adaptive suspension parameter model and determining the process noise covariance matrix for each class. Finally, based on the road classification results, the corresponding suspension parameters and process noise covariance matrix are applied in the Kalman Filter to estimate the vehicle's relative suspension velocity. The MATLAB-ADAMS/Car co-simulation results show that compared with the Adaptive Kalman Filter (AKF) method, the proposed method improves the root mean square error of the estimated relative suspension velocities by 28.4%, 22.8%, 19.7%, 7.3%, and 24.1% for road classes ISO-A, ISO-B, ISO-C, ISO-D, and real-road conditions, respectively. The correlation coefficients of the estimated relative suspension velocities improve by 11.8%, 5.8%, 2.8%, 1.1%, and 7.2% for the same conditions, verifying the effectiveness and feasibility of the method.

Key words: road classification, adaptive suspension parameters, Kalman filtering, state estimation