液力缓速器充排油系统的建模与特性分析

doi:10.19562/j.chinasae.qcgc.2025.09.012

Abstract

Abstract:

Parallel hydraulic retarder is an auxiliary braking device in the heavy-load and long-term downhill process of commercial vehicles. The complex and difficult physical changing process inside the working chamber determines the response time and braking torque. The equivalent hydraulic model is established in this paper to describe the nonlinear coupling relationship between the inputting control pressure and the outputting braking characteristics of the oil filling and discharging system， and the relationship between the input and output is clarified， which is the intermediate variable "liquid filling rate". It is found that with the increase of vehicle speed， the amount of oil in the working chamber decreases and the braking torque eventually decreases. When the pressure is 2.5 bar， the braking torque of hydraulic retarder reaches the maximum of 4 044 N·m at 1 290 r/min， and then the braking torque decreases with the increase of rotating speed. Meanwhile， the model can effectively predict the response time of oil filling and discharging， and the maximum error between simulation and experiment is 16.12%. The changing process of oil charging and discharging system is accurately analyzed and the relevant characteristics are obtained in this paper， which can assist the structural design of hydraulic retarder and the control of vehicle braking process.

Key words: auxiliary braking, hydraulic retarder, computational fluid dynamics, torque characteristics, response time

Maohan Xue,Yao Fu,Xiaohu Geng,Shaohua Sun,Yulong Lei. Modeling and Characteristics Analysis of Oil Charging and Discharging System of Hydraulic Auxiliary Braking System[J].Automotive Engineering, 2025, 47(9): 1763-1772.

Figures/Tables 20

参数	数值	单位
初始油量	6.8	L
散热片体积	2.55	L
油箱容积	2.85	L
空腔容积	7.55	L
$h 1$	116.09	mm
$h 2$	68.90	mm
$h 3$	404-H	mm
$h 4$	275.95	mm
$h 5$	110.25	mm

References 25

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压力/bar	2.5	2.0	1.5	1.0	0.5
转速/（r·min^-1）	充液率/%
215	100.00	97.51	95.18	79.39	65.41
430	100.00	97.49	96.32	79.41	60.79
645	100.00	97.52	96.62	79.41	68.99
860	100.00	97.53	95.52	85.03	72.62
1 075	96.76	87.34	81.64	75.37	68.21
1 290	67.47	60.65	55.10	47.40	42.58
1 505	46.18	41.54	36.98	32.44	29.14
1 720	33.62	30.26	26.51	23.64	21.22
1 935	25.33	22.78	19.82	17.80	15.98
2 150	19.13	17.21	15.02	13.45	11.77

转速/（r·min^-1）	充液率/%	充油时间仿真值/s	充油时间试验值/s	误差/%
500	100	2.43	2.56	5.08
500	80	2.26	2.43	7.00
500	60	2.18	2.34	6.84
500	40	2.11	2.65	20.38
500	20	2.03	2.42	16.12
1 000	100	2.73	2.96	7.77
1 000	80	2.56	2.75	6.91
1 000	60	2.48	2.86	13.29
1 000	40	2.41	2.54	5.12
1 000	20	2.33	2.65	12.08
1 500	100	2.93	3.14	6.69
1 500	80	2.86	3.01	4.98
1 500	60	2.78	2.86	2.80
1 500	40	2.61	2.67	2.25
1 500	20	2.63	2.87	8.36
2 000	100	2.93	2.77	5.78
2 000	80	2.86	2.53	13.04
2 000	60	2.78	2.84	2.11
2 000	40	2.61	2.88	9.38
2 000	20	2.63	2.65	0.75

Modeling and Characteristics Analysis of Oil Charging and Discharging System of Hydraulic Auxiliary Braking System

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