基于负泊松比微结构的飞行汽车液冷电池包热学性能分析

doi:10.19562/j.chinasae.qcgc.2025.12.005

Abstract

Abstract:

A novel battery pack for flying cars embedded with triangle umbrella-shaped cellular structure （TUCS） is proposed is proposed in this paper. Firstly， heat generation model of lithium battery is derived and corresponding finite element model of lithium battery cell is established. Then， discharge tests are conducted on lithium battery cells and the accuracy of heat generation model and finite element model is verified. Moreover， theoretical thermodynamic model of TUCS is derived and the optimization design is conducted. The optimal TUCS is achieved and then embedded into liquid-cooling battery pack of flying car. Meanwhile， the effects of coolant flow velocity， coolant flow direction， internal density gradient within TUCS， and interlayer density gradient on heat dissipation performances of novel battery pack is investigated to obtain the novel flying car battery pack with optimal heat dissipation performance. The maximum temperature and maximum temperature difference of the novel flying car battery pack is 32.0 and 4.01 ℃ respectively under typical operating conditions of flying cars， which are within the normal operating range， a decrease by 24.24% and 71.72% in comparation with those of conventional battery pack， respectively， thus verifying the excellent heat dissipation performance of the new flying car battery pack. Finally， the novel flying car battery pack sample is fabricated and discharge tests on TUCS battery pack sample are conducted. The accuracy of theoretical models and numerical simulation presented are verified.

Key words: flying cars, liquid-cooling battery pack, cellular structure with negative Poisson's ratio, heat dissipation performance

Ying Zhao,Jibo Hao,Xiaoyu Sun,Jie Yang,Xiaosong Hu,Yueqiang Wang,Yangwei Wang. Thermal Performance Analysis of Liquid-Cooling Battery Pack for Flying Cars Based on Cellular Structure with Negative Poisson's Ratio[J].Automotive Engineering, 2025, 47(12): 2326-2335.

Figures/Tables 30

参数

α

β

K

?

$K e$ /

（W·（m·K）^-1）

ρ R D, 3 D

F (x)

优化前

0.155

0.2

0.3

0.26

28.150

0.191

2.847

优化后

0.283

0.2

0.236

0.215

125.531

0.698

0.901

对比结果

345.94%

265.45%

-68.35%

方案	1	2	3	4	5	6	7
$f 1$	0.85	0.9	0.95	1	1.05	1.1	1.15
$f 2$	0.85	0.9	0.95	1	1.05	1.1	1.15

方案	1	2	3	4	5
$f 3$	1	1.05	1.1	1.15	1.2

References 23

[1]	《国家综合立体交通网规划纲要》［J］. 前瞻科技， 2023， 2（3）： 122.
	Outline of the national comprehensive three-dimensional transportation network plan［J］. Science and Technology Foresight， 2023， 2（3）： 122.
[2]	通用航空装备创新应用实施方案（2024-2030年）［J］. 中国军转民， 2024 （22）： 6-8.
	Implementation plan for innovative applications of general aviation equipment （2024-2030）［J］. Defence Industry Conversion in China， 2024 （22）： 6-8.
[3]	中国汽车工程学会. 飞行汽车用动力电池需求分析及技术趋势展望［R］. 北京：中国汽车工程学会， 2024.
	Society of Automotive Engineers of China. Analysis of power battery demand for flying cars and outlook on technological trends［R］. Beijing： China Society of Automotive Engineers， 2024.
[4]	YANG X G， LIU T， GE S H， et al. Challenges and key requirements of batteries for electric vertical takeoff and landing aircraft［J］. Joule， 2021， 5（7）： 1644-1659.
[5]	毕祥宇. 电动汽车电池圆管微通道液冷板换热性能研究［D］. 杭州：浙江大学， 2021.
	BI X Y. Research on heat transfer performance of micro-bare-tube liquid cooling plate for electric vehicle battery ［D］. Hangzhou：Zhejiang University， 2022.
[6]	WANG T， ZHANG X， ZENG Q， et al. Thermal management performance of cavity cold plates for pouch Li‐ion batteries using in electric vehicles［J］. Energy Science & Engineering， 2020， 8（11）： 4082-4093.
[7]	LIU W， JIA Z， LUO Y， et al. Experimental investigation on thermal management of cylindrical Li-ion battery pack based on vapor chamber combined with fin structure［J］. Applied Thermal Engineering， 2019， 162： 114272.
[8]	PENG X L， BARGMANN S. A novel hybrid-honeycomb structure： enhanced stiffness， tunable auxeticity and negative thermal expansion［J］. International Journal of Mechanical Sciences， 2021， 190： 106021.
[9]	侯秀慧，尹冠生. 新型蜂窝材料结构热传导性能分析［J］. 河北工业大学学报， 2014， 43（2）： 72-76．
	HOU X H， YIN G S. Heat transfer performance for a new honeycomb structure［J］. Journal of Hebei University of Technology， 2014， 43（2）： 72-76．
[10]	LIM T C. 2D metamaterial with in-plane positive and negative thermal expansion and thermal shearing based on interconnected alternating biomaterials［J］. Materials Research Express， 2019， 6（11）： 115804.
[11]	BERNARDI D， PAWLIKOWSKI E， NEWMAN J. A general energy balance for battery systems［J］. Journal of the Electrochemical Society， 1985， 132（1）： 5-12.
[12]	WANG J， LU S， WANG Y， et al. Novel investigation strategy for mini‐channel liquid‐cooled battery thermal management system［J］. International Journal of Energy Research， 2020， 44（3）： 1971-1985.
[13]	ZHAO Y， HAO J B， HU J F， et al. Thermal properties of cooling tube battery pack embedded with triangle umbrella-shaped cellular structure［J］. Applied Thermal Engineering， 2024， 254： 123897.
[14]	CHU Z. Combination of the unifying model for the effective thermal conductivity of isotropic， porous and composite geomaterials［J］. International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences， 2023， 164： 105342.
[15]	FU W Q， GAO H， XUE Z X， et al. Experimental measurement and calculation of thermal conductivity of porous material［J］. China Measurement & Test， 2016， 42（5）： 124-130.
[16]	孟小丁. 学习驱动的高效混合粒子群算法及应用研究［D］. 西宁：青海师范大学， 2025.
	MENG X D. Research on learning-driven efficient hybrid particle swarm algorithm and its application［D］. Xining：Qinghai Normal University， 2025.
[17]	ZHAO Y， HAO J B， HU J F， et al. Mechanical-thermal coupling design on battery pack embedded with concave quadrilateral cellular structure［J］. Applied Thermal Engineering， 2025， 260： 124973.
[18]	WANG G， KONG D， PING P， et al. Modeling venting behavior of lithium-ion batteries during thermal runaway propagation by coupling CFD and thermal resistance network［J］. Applied Energy， 2023， 334： 120660.
[19]	ACHARYA J， BHANJA D， MISRA R D. Prediction of safe zone for firefighters exposed to purely radiant heat source-a numerical analysis［J］. International Journal of Thermal Sciences， 2023， 190： 108302.
[20]	VERSTEEG H K. An introduction to computational fluid dynamics the finite volume method［M］. 2nd ed.Pearson Education India， 2007.
[21]	KIM S K. Darcy friction factor and Nusselt number in laminar tube flow of Carreau fluid［J］. Rheologica Acta， 2022， 61（3）： 243-255.
[22]	WANG Y， DAN D， ZHANG Y， et al. A novel heat dissipation structure based on flat heat pipe for battery thermal management system［J］. International Journal of Energy Research， 2022， 46（11）： 15961-15980.
[23]	汤勇，赵威，尹树彬，等. 基于相变传热的动力电池高效复合热控技术研究综述［J］. 机械工程学报， 2025， 61（4）： 176-194.
	TANG Y， ZHAO W， YIN S B， et al. Review on phase change heat transfer based high efficiency composite thermal control technology for power battery ［J］. Journal of Mechanical Engineering， 2025， 61（4）： 176-194.

项目	参数
电芯尺寸	300 mm×95 mm×27 mm
额定容量	116 A·h
充电上限电压	4.2 V
放电截止电压	2.75 V
标称电压	3.7 V
内阻	0.65 mΩ
充电温度	0-50 ℃
放电温度	-20-55 ℃

放电倍率	产热量/（W·m^-3）
1C	26 863.942
2C	76 386.761
3C	148 747.546
5C	361 575.995

工况	项目	NFBP	传统飞行汽车电池包	对比结果
起飞阶段	最高温度/℃	32.0	42.24	-24.24%
起飞阶段	最大温差/℃	4.01	14.18	-71.72%
巡航阶段	最高温度/℃	27.49	29.39	-6.46%
巡航阶段	最大温差/℃	0.53	2.98	-82.21%
降落阶段	最高温度/℃	31.2	39.20	-20.41%
降落阶段	最大温差/℃	3.50	11.40	-69.30%

项目	最高温度/℃	最大温差/℃
2C放电工况数值模拟结果	28.54	1.40
2C放电工况试验结果	31.30	1.50
2C放电工况数值模拟与试验对比结果	-8.82%	-6.67%
2.5C放电工况数值模拟结果	29.28	2.02
2.5C放电工况试验结果	32.50	2.10
2.5C放电工况数值模拟与试验对比结果	-9.91%	-3.81%

Thermal Performance Analysis of Liquid-Cooling Battery Pack for Flying Cars Based on Cellular Structure with Negative Poisson's Ratio

RichHTML

PDF (PC)

Like

Knowledge

Abstract

Cite this article

share this article

Figures/Tables 30

References 23

Related Articles 1

Metrics

Comments

Recommended 0