基于行驶数据挖掘的DCT车辆平直道路换挡规律研究

doi:10.19562/j.chinasae.qcgc.2022.11.014

Abstract

Abstract:

In view of the poor adaptability of the shift schedule formulated based on vehicle dynamics， and the inability of gear decision model trained based on multidimensional data and intelligent algorithm in being directly applied to real vehicles， a method is proposed of extracting the shift schedule on flat-straight road by mining the driving data of skilled drivers. Firstly， a test is conducted to collect a large amount of driving data. Then three most important features of flat-straight road driving are extracted by using wavelet de-noising， spearman correlation analysis and information gain calculation. Finally， by comparing the classification accuracy of six machine learning algorithms for decision values （upshift， downshift and maintenance） in each gear， the random forest algorithm with the highest accuracy is selected to generate the three-parameter shift schedule， in which the parameters are vehicle speed， accelerator pedal position and engine angular acceleration. The simulation results show that this method can effectively collect the shift strategy of skilled drivers running on flat-straight road， and the shift schedule extracted achieves a fuel consumption level close to that with the economic shift strategy and a good power performance.

Key words: shift schedule, data mining, random forest algorithm, flat-straight road

Datong Qin,Kang Wang,Jihao Feng,Yonggang Liu. Research on Shift Schedule of DCT Vehicle on Flat-Straight Road Based on Driving Data Mining[J].Automotive Engineering, 2022, 44(11): 1763-1771.

Figures/Tables 20

参数	数值	参数	数值
整车整备质量 $m 0 / k g$	1 800	3挡传动比 $i 3$	1.724
载人真实质量 $m / k g$	1 950	4挡传动比 $i 4$	1.268
重力加速度 $g / (m ? s - 2)$	9.8	5挡传动比 $i 5$	1.27
迎风面积 $A / m 2$	2.60	6挡传动比 $i 6$	1.049
空气阻力系数 $C d$	0.36	7挡传动比 $i 7$	0.891
轮胎半径 $r / m$	0.355	1挡旋转质量系数 $δ 1$	1.113
轮胎滚动阻力系数 $f$	0.014	2挡旋转质量系数 $δ 2$	1.058
机械传动效率 $η T$	0.93	3挡旋转质量系数 $δ 3$	1.042
主减速器传动比 $i 01$	3.944	4挡旋转质量系数 $δ 4$	1.035
副减速器传动比 $i 02$	3.227	5挡旋转质量系数 $δ 5$	1.032
1挡传动比 $i 1$	4.214	6挡旋转质量系数 $δ 6$	1.031
2挡传动比 $i 2$	3.105	7挡旋转质量系数 $δ 7$	1.030

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序号	特征名称	采样频率/Hz	采样精度
1	实际挡位	100
2	目标挡位	100
3	转向盘转角	100	0.1°
4	车速	100	0.000 25 km/h
5	纵向加速度	50	0.000 25 m/s²
6	制动油压	50	0.1 bar
7	节气门开度	100	0.002%
8	加速踏板位置	100	0.002%
9	发动机转速	100	0.25 r/min
10	发动机转矩	100	0.000 01 N·m

序号	拓展特征名	拓展来源	特征名简写
12	纵向绝对加速度 Longitudinal Absolute Acceleration	车速	LAA
13	制动油压变化率 Brake Pressure Change Rate	制动油压	BPCR
14	制动油压加速度 Brake Pressure Acceleration	制动油压变化率	BPA
15	节气门变化率 Throttle Position Change Rate	节气门开度	TPCR
16	节气门加速度 Throttle Position Acceleration	节气门变化率	TPA
17	加速踏板位置变化率 Accelerator Pedal Change Rate	加速踏板位置	APCR
18	加速踏板加速度 Accelerator Pedal Acceleration	加速踏板位置变化率	APA
19	发动机角加速度 Engine Angular Acceleration	发动机转速	EAA

特征代号	VS	BP	TP	APP	ES	ET	LAA	BPCR	BPA	TPCR	TPA	APCR	APA	EAA
VS	1.00
BP	-0.32	1.00
TP	0.40	-0.36	1.00
APP	0.37	-0.34	0.94	1.00
ES	0.97	-0.32	0.47	0.42	1.00
ET	0.36	-0.35	0.94	0.92	0.43	1.00
LAA	0.37	-0.44	0.83	0.80	0.42	0.86	1.00
BPCR	0.01	0.01	-0.08	-0.07	-0.01	-0.08	-0.09	1.00
BPA	0.00	-0.09	-0.01	-0.03	0.00	-0.01	0.00	0.15	1.00
TPCR	-0.03	0.02	0.02	0.04	-0.03	0.00	-0.01	-0.02	-0.06	1.00
TPA	0.01	0.04	-0.01	-0.02	0.01	0.00	0.01	-0.05	-0.05	-0.24	1.00
APCR	-0.05	0.02	-0.02	0.00	-0.05	-0.05	-0.05	-0.05	-0.06	0.55	0.11	1.00
APA	0.00	0.00	-0.01	-0.03	0.01	-0.01	0.00	0.01	0.04	-0.24	0.17	-0.30	1.00
EAA	0.13	-0.25	0.46	0.47	0.19	0.49	0.44	-0.07	-0.03	0.09	0.01	0.11	-0.04	1.00

挡位	VS	BP	APP	BPCR	BPA	TPCR	TPA	APCR	APA	EAA
1挡	0.731	0.051	0.059	0.030	0.008	0.006	0.006	0.006	0.003	0.100
2挡	0.746	0.067	0.068	0.031	0.005	0.004	0.004	0.005	0.002	0.068
3挡	0.672	0.039	0.080	0.018	0.006	0.005	0.005	0.006	0.003	0.166
4挡	0.562	0.091	0.128	0.045	0.010	0.006	0.005	0.008	0.004	0.141
5挡	0.477	0.077	0.170	0.048	0.010	0.007	0.008	0.009	0.005	0.189
6挡	0.486	0.066	0.179	0.031	0.009	0.007	0.008	0.012	0.007	0.195
7挡	0.304	0.079	0.193	0.036	0.006	0.007	0.006	0.010	0.005	0.354

项目	1挡	2挡	3挡	4挡	5挡	6挡	7挡	平均
NB	83.96	74.69	75.41	31.39	57.78	64.85	75.87	66.28
SVM-linear	92.41	91.32	88.07	85.13	85.33	85.85	92.82	88.70
SVM-polynomial	92.04	91.90	87.30	82.23	84.55	86.99	93.80	88.40
SVM-RBF	91.95	91.68	90.47	87.35	85.39	87.44	93.08	89.62
SVM-sigmoid	81.12	79.48	81.03	69.66	74.82	84.11	90.51	80.10
RF	97.38	97.95	97.13	93.62	93.02	94.42	99.32	96.12

Research on Shift Schedule of DCT Vehicle on Flat-Straight Road Based on Driving Data Mining

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Figures/Tables 20

References 14

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项目	经济性换挡	动力性换挡	数据挖掘换挡
换挡次数	300	96	110
平均油耗/（L·100 km^-1）	7.89	9.52	7.96

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