燃料电池离心式空压机转子临界转速关键影响因素分析

doi:10.19562/j.chinasae.qcgc.2022.09.009

Abstract

Abstract:

In view of demand of the high-pressure ratio and large flow air of centrifugal air compressor for domestic fuel cell vehicle， a rotor-bearing system model with compound cross-section is established to study the resonance instability problem of the rotor stability design for ultra-high-speed air compressor with rated speed of 100 000 r/min. The paper analyzes the critical speed increase by increasing the bearing stiffness and reducing the bearing span， and the decrease of critical speed by the rotor hollow structure and the temperature rise， and proposes different shock absorption measures for rigid and flexible rotors. In addition， the impeller with large moment of inertia significantly improving the high-order critical speed due to the influence of the rotary effect is discussed. The conclusions can provide theoretical guidance and design reference for the rotor and bearing design of ultra-high speed centrifugal air compressor of fuel cell vehicle.

Key words: fuel cell vehicle, centrifugal air compressor, rotor-bearing, critical speed, gyroscopic effect

Zhiming Zhang,Jiaqi Pan,Tong Zhang. Analysis of Key Influencing Factors on Rotor Critical Speed of Centrifugal Air Compressor for Fuel Cell Vehicles[J].Automotive Engineering, 2022, 44(9): 1386-1393.

Figures/Tables 12

部件	转轴	永磁体	护套
材料名称	9Cr18Mo	NdFeB	TC4
弹性模量/GPa	215	160	110
密度/（ $k g ? m - 3$ ）	7 700	7 400	4 510
泊松比	0.3	0.24	0.34
热膨胀系数/℃^-1	$10.4$ $× 10 - 6$	$6.5$ $× 10 - 6$	$7.9$ $× 10 - 6$
强度极限/MPa	590	105	895

轴承刚度/ （ $N ? m - 1$ ）	1阶临界转速变化率/%	2阶临界转速变化率/%	3阶临界转速变化率/%
$5 × 107$	4.3	-18.7	-2.9
$6 × 107$	5.4	-18.1	-3.9
$7 × 107$	6.5	-17.4	-5.1
$8 × 107$	7.6	-16.5	-6.4
$9 × 107$	8.7	-15.5	-7.9
$1 × 108$	9.8	-14.4	-9.4
$1.1 × 108$	10.9	-13.3	-10.8
$1.2 × 108$	11.9	-12.2	-12.2

轴承刚度/ （ $N ? m - 1$ ）	1阶临界转速变化率/%	2阶临界转速变化率/%	3阶临界转速变化率/%
$5.0 × 107$	-6.32	-6.20	-1.39
$7.0 × 107$	-5.84	-4.87	-2.70
$9.0 × 107$	-5.38	-3.30	-4.21
$1.1 × 108$	-4.94	-1.91	-5.50

中心极转动惯量/（ $k g ? m 2$ ）	中心直径转动惯量/（ $k g ? m 2$ ）	1阶临界转速/ （ $r ? m i n - 1$ ）	2阶临界转速/（ $r ? m i n - 1$ ）	3阶临界转速/（ $r ? m i n - 1$ ）
$1.04 × 10 - 4$	$5.98 × 10 - 5$	72 585	104 899	213 043
$1.56 × 10 - 4$	$5.98 × 10 - 5$	72 639	106 551	220 825
$2.08 × 10 - 4$	$5.98 × 10 - 5$	72 675	107 502	223 703
$1.04 × 10 - 4$	$1.20 × 10 - 4$	72 473	100 719	172 817
$1.04 × 10 - 4$	$1.79 × 10 - 4$	72 219	91 532	131 393

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Analysis of Key Influencing Factors on Rotor Critical Speed of Centrifugal Air Compressor for Fuel Cell Vehicles

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