用户数据下电动汽车驱-制动载荷特性研究

doi:10.19562/j.chinasae.qcgc.2025.11.018

Abstract

Abstract:

The study of drive-brake load characteristics of electric vehicles based on user operation data is an important foundation for the reliability-oriented design of electric drive systems. In this paper， by integrating telematics big data with vehicle longitudinal dynamics modeling， typical driving condition characteristics， user behavior differences， and the gap between user targets and existing standards are systematically investigated. Firstly， a longitudinal dynamics model is developed and validated using over one million kilometers of real-world driving data from seven regions， enabling the transformation of user operation data into drive-brake loads. Secondly， an analysis of operating time， mileage， and acceleration characteristics under different driving conditions is conducted. The results show that frequent speed variations under low to medium speeds are key factors contributing to damage in critical components. Lastly， regional differences in user behavior are compared， and a user target profile suited to Chinese road conditions is constructed. A further comparison with existing standards reveals significant discrepancies in load frequency within the low-to-medium load range. The research results can provide data support and methodological references for the reliability-oriented design and validation standard development of electric drive systems.

Key words: user big data, electric drive system, working condition characteristics, reliability

Lihui Zhao,Shaojie Shen,Shuo Weng,Desheng Chen,Dongdong Zhang. Research on the Drive-Brake Load Characteristics of Electric Vehicles Under User Data[J].Automotive Engineering, 2025, 47(11): 2250-2264.

Figures/Tables 38

参数	数值
整车质量 m/kg	2 600
轮胎半径 r/m	0.36
滚动阻力系数f₀、f₁、f₄	0.015 0.001 5 0.000 2
坡度角 $α$ /（°）	0
空气阻力系数C_D	0.24
迎风面积A/m ²	2.5
传动效率η	0.95
总传动比i_g	10

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运行片段	速度/（km·h ^-¹）	加速度/（m·s ^-²）
加速段	v>5	a > 0.15
减速段	v>5	a < -0.15
匀速段	v>5	-0.15≤a≤0.15
怠速段	v≤5	-0.15≤a≤0.15

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Research on the Drive-Brake Load Characteristics of Electric Vehicles Under User Data

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