汽车工程

汽车工程 ›› 2020, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (8): 1066-1073.doi: 10.19562/j.chinasae.qcgc.2020.08.010

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正面25%偏置碰撞中车轮铰链失效的研究*

张健1,2, 赵清江1,2, 徐作文3, 史爱民1,2, 郭怡晖2   

  1. 1.汽车噪声振动与安全技术国家重点实验室,重庆 401122;
    2.中国汽车工程研究院股份有限公司,重庆 401122;
    3.众泰汽车工程研究院,杭州 310016
  • 收稿日期:2020-03-20 出版日期:2020-08-25 发布日期:2020-09-24
  • 通讯作者: 张健,高级工程师,E-mail:zhangjian@caeri.com.cn。
  • 基金资助:
    *汽车噪声振动与安全技术国家重点实验室课题(NVHSKL-ZS-202002)资助。

Research on Wheel Hinge Failure in 25% Small Overlap Frontal Crash

Zhang Jian1,2, Zhao Qingjiang1,2, Xu Zuowen3, Shi Aimin1,2, Guo Yihui2   

  1. 1. State Key Laboratory of Vehicle NVH and Safety Technology, Chongqing 401122;
    2. China Automotive Engineering Research Institute Co., Ltd., Chongqing 401122;
    3. Zotye Automobile Engineering Research Institute, Hangzhou 310016
  • Received:2020-03-20 Online:2020-08-25 Published:2020-09-24

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摘要： 在整车小偏置碰撞安全性能开发过程中,车轮作为主要承载构件,其与底盘连接铰链是否失效将影响车轮受力大小和变形模式,准确预测车轮铰链失效是碰撞安全性能前期开发的重要难点。针对该难点,本文中提出通过拉伸试验获取车轮与底盘连接铰链失效力并应用于仿真中,以准确模拟铰链失效的解决思路。首先,采用公开仿真模型,探究小偏置碰撞过程中车轮从车辆脱落对碰撞结果影响,通过仿真与数值计算相结合方法,分析车轮连接铰链各方向峰值力与碰撞能量相关性,确定铰链失效力测量范围。再针对采用与公开模型同型前悬架系统的某车型,设计出拉伸试验装置,以获取车轮与底盘连接铰链失效力,并应用于该量产车型的正向开发。结果表明:考虑车轮与底盘连接铰链失效力的准确仿真模型,能极大提高小偏置碰撞仿真精度,从而保障整车正向安全性能的开发。

关键词: 小偏置碰撞, 车轮铰链, 铰链失效力, 拉伸试验, 仿真精度

Abstract: In the safety performance development concerning vehicle's small overlap frontal crash, wheels are the main load-bearing components, and the failure of wheel hinges will affect the force and deformation mode of the wheel, hence, accurately predicting the failure is an important difficult point in the early development of crash safety performance. Accordingly, a tensile test is proposed in this paper to obtain the failure force of hinge connecting wheel and chassis for accurately finding the solution of hinge failure. Firstly, a public simulation model is used to investigate the effects of wheel falloff from the vehicle on the result of crash. By combining simulation with numerical calculation, the correlation between the peak force in each direction of wheel hinge and the collision energy is analyzed to determine the measurement range of hinge failure force. Then a tensile test device is designed for a vehicle model adopting the same type of front suspension as the public model, with tests conducted and the failure forces of wheel hinges are obtained and then applied to the forward development of that production vehicle. The results show that the accurate simulation model with consideration of the failure force of wheel hinge can greatly enhance the simulation accuracy of small overlap frontal crash, thereby ensuring the forward safety performance development of the vehicle.

Key words: small overlap frontal crash, wheel hinges, hinge failure force, tensile test, simulation accuracy