基于时间反转法的汽车车门Rattle异响噪声源定位研究

doi:10.19562/j.chinasae.qcgc.2022.12.017

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

针对汽车车门常见Rattle异响的定位，首先，基于Lamb波传播理论、Morlet小波变换和时间反转（TR）聚焦定位原理，建立了异响噪声源定位数学模型，提出了汽车车门Rattle异响噪声源定位方法。接着通过薄板冲击仿真，探究了振动信号波包混叠的成因，确定了窄带信号提取原则。最后进行汽车车门Rattle异响噪声源定位试验，揭示了异响信号发出时刻对定位成像的影响规律，提出了时刻的信号成像图判别法。试验结果表明，汽车车门Rattle异响噪声源定位最大误差为3.16 cm，平均误差为2.01 cm，验证了所提出的基于TR的Rattle异响噪声源定位方法的可行性和工程应用价值。

关键词: 异响, 车门, 时间反转法, Lamb波, Morlet小波变换, 波包混叠

Abstract:

For locating the noise sources of common car door rattle， a mathematical model is established first based on the Lamb wave propagation theory， Morlet wavelet transform and time reversal focusing positioning principle， and a method for locating the noise source of car door rattle is proposed. Then through thin plate impact simulation， the cause of the aliasing of the vibration signal wave packet is explored， and the principle of narrowband signal extraction is determined. Finally a noise source locating test for car door rattle is conducted， and the influencing rule of the issuing moment of abnormal noise signal on the positioning imaging is revealed， with a signal image judgment method for the moment put forward. The test results show that the maximum and average locating error of noise source of car door rattle is 3.16 cm and 2.01 cm respectively， verifying the feasibility and engineering application value of the rattle source locating method based on time reversal technique proposed.

Key words: abnormal noise, car door, time reversal method, Lamb wave, Morlet wavelet transform, wave packet aliasing

赵卫东,徐鑫蔚,宋睿,杨明亮,齐潮. 基于时间反转法的汽车车门Rattle异响噪声源定位研究[J]. 汽车工程, 2022, 44(12): 1954-1970.

Weidong Zhao,Xinwei Xu,Rui Song,Mingliang Yang,Chao Qi. Research on Noise Source Locating for Car Door Rattle Based on Time Reversal Method[J]. Automotive Engineering, 2022, 44(12): 1954-1970.

图/表 18

图1

图2

图3

图4

表1

薄板材料属性"

材料

密度/

（kg·m^-3）

弹性模量/Pa

泊松比

延性损伤

断裂应变

应力三轴比

钢铁

7 800

2.1

×

10⁹

0.3

2.2

0.3

0.7

表1

图5

图6

图7

图8

图9

图10

图11

图12

图13

图14

图15

图16

表2

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Rattle异响定位试验	实际敲击点坐标/cm	TR定位敲击点坐标/cm	定位误差/cm	平均误差/cm
1	（35， 15， 0）	（34， 16， 0）	1.41	2.01
2	（60， 30， 0）	（58， 31， 0）	2.24
3	（20， 10， 0）	（22， 10， 0）	2
4	（50， 32， 0）	（49， 30， 0）	2.24
5	（41， 22， 0）	（40， 22， 0）	1
6	（46， 16， 0）	（45， 19， 0）	3.16