汽车工程 ›› 2023, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (6): 1062-1072.doi: 10.19562/j.chinasae.qcgc.2023.06.016

所属专题: 车身设计&轻量化&安全专题2023年

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加装传统AEB后的未避免事故典型碰撞场景与事故特征

邹铁方1(),刘前程1,魏亮2   

  1. 1.长沙理工大学汽车与机械工程学院,长沙  410114
    2.云南云通司法鉴定中心,昆明  650255
  • 收稿日期:2022-12-08 修回日期:2023-01-04 出版日期:2023-06-25 发布日期:2023-06-16
  • 通讯作者: 邹铁方 E-mail:tiefang@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(51775056)

Typical Collision Scenarios and Accident Characteristics of Accidents not Avoided After Installing Traditional AEB

Tiefang Zou1(),Qiancheng Liu1,Liang Wei2   

  1. 1.School of Automotive and Mechanical Engineering,Changsha University of Science & Technology,Changsha  410114
    2.Yunnan Yuntong Judicial Expertise Center,Kunming  650255
  • Received:2022-12-08 Revised:2023-01-04 Online:2023-06-25 Published:2023-06-16
  • Contact: Tiefang Zou E-mail:tiefang@163.com

摘要:

为了解车辆装备自动紧急制动系统(AEB)后的典型人车碰撞场景及事故特征,在再现187例事故并采集碰撞前参数后,运用联合仿真技术评估传统AEB系统的效果,并用统计学方法分析未避免的73例事故(39%),获得6类典型的未避免人车碰撞场景。研究发现,未避免事故中:事故主要发生在照明条件良好、路面干燥的非路口,且95.88%案例中碰撞速度低于40 km/h;人车碰撞损伤均显著降低,但不同场景中降幅有差异;人地碰撞损伤降低方面存在不确定性,典型场景中61.9%的案例中人地碰撞损伤有增加风险,损伤增加比例随碰撞场景变化而不同。进一步分析发现,人地碰撞损伤增加的主要原因是AEB降低车速后行人落地顺序改变、人体下肢与车辆前端再次接触、人车碰撞位置改变等。研究成果不仅能为智能车主、被动安全研究中的实验设计提供边界条件,还能为设计更安全的AEB系统提供支持。

关键词: 人车碰撞, 自动紧急制动系统, 事故再现, 事故场景, 人地碰撞损伤

Abstract:

In order to understand the typical pedestrian vehicle collision scenarios and accident characteristics after the vehicle is equipped with the automatic emergency braking system (AEB), 187 accidents are reproduced and the parameters before the collision are collected. Then the effect of the traditional AEB system is evaluated using the combined simulation technology. After 73 accidents (39%) that are not avoided are analyzed with statistical methods, 6 typical types of pedestrian vehicle collision scenarios that are not avoided are obtained. The study shows that the accidents that are not avoided mainly occurr at non-intersections with good lighting conditions and dry road, and the collision speed is lower than 40 km/h in 95.88% cases. The pedestrian vehicle collision injury is significantly reduced, with different reduction magnitude in different scenarios. Uncertainty exists in the reduction of pedestrian ground collision injury, and 61.9% of the cases in typical scenarios have an increased risk of pedestrian ground collision injury, with the proportion of injury increase varying with the change of collision scenarios. Further analysis shows that the main reasons for the increase of pedestrian ground collision injuries are the change of pedestrian landing sequence after AEB reduces the speed, the re-contact of pedestrian lower limbs with the front end of the vehicle, and the change of pedestrian vehicle collision position. The research results can not only provide boundary conditions for the experimental design of intelligent vehicle owners and passive safety research, but also provide support for the design of safer AEB systems.

Key words: vehicle pedestrian collision, automatic emergency braking system, accident reconstruction, traffic accident scenario, pedestrian-ground contact injury