汽车工程 ›› 2024, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (2): 356-365.doi: 10.19562/j.chinasae.qcgc.2024.02.018

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某SUV气动减阻优化及其流场机制

邵景峰1,左辉辉1,胡兴军2()   

  1. 1.上海汽车集团股份有限公司创新研究开发总院,上海 201804
    2.吉林大学,汽车底盘集成与仿生全国重点实验室,长春 130022
  • 收稿日期:2023-08-24 修回日期:2023-10-21 出版日期:2024-02-25 发布日期:2024-02-23
  • 通讯作者: 胡兴军 E-mail:hxj@jlu.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划(2022YFE0208000);吉林省重大科技专项(GF-2022-03883)

Optimization of Aerodynamic Drag Reduction and Its Flow-Field Mechanism for a Sport Utility Vehicle (SUV)

Jingfeng Shao1,Huihui Zuo1,Xingjun Hu2()   

  1. 1.SAIC Motor R&D Innovation Headquarters,Shanghai  201804
    2.Jilin University,National Key Laboratory of Automotive Chassis Integration and Bionics,Changchun  130022
  • Received:2023-08-24 Revised:2023-10-21 Online:2024-02-25 Published:2024-02-23
  • Contact: Xingjun Hu E-mail:hxj@jlu.edu.cn

摘要:

为了提高整车燃油经济性,本文以某款SUV车型为研究对象,将仿真与试验相结合改善汽车行驶过程中的气动阻力系数。首先通过风洞试验确定对整车气动阻力有重要影响的区域或部件,其次对气动阻力系数贡献值较大的部件或区域进行减阻优化。结果表明,前轮阻风板、尾灯和尾翼对整车气动阻力系数贡献值较大。对前轮阻风板的改型,有效降低正压区面积以及减弱车轮干扰阻力;对尾灯和尾翼的优化设计,改善了尾部负压区,缩短了分离流在后窗上部的再附着的距离。基于本征正交分解方法进行局部流场信息的提取和分析可知,1阶与2阶模态主要构成了该SUV尾流场的关键流态。经试验与仿真验证,相比于初始方案,气动优化组合设计减阻率可达7.5%。本文为新一代SUV改型与升级换代提供了理论基础与技术支持。

关键词: 汽车空气动力学, 气动减阻, 风洞试验, 本征正交分解

Abstract:

To improve the fuel economy of vehicles, simulation and experiments are combined to improve the aerodynamic drag coefficient during driving, taking a certain SUV model as the research object. Firstly, wind tunnel tests are used to determine the areas or components that have significant impact on the overall aerodynamic drag of the vehicle. Secondly, optimizations are made to the components or areas with high contribution values to the air resistance coefficient. The results show that the front wheel deflectors, taillights and spoilers contribute greatly to the overall air resistance coefficient of the vehicle. The restyling of the front wheel deflectors effectively reduces the frontal pressure area and interference drag from the wheels. Optimizations on taillights and spoilers improve the rear negative pressure zone and shorten the reattachment distance of separated flows on the upper part of the rear window. Based on the intrinsic orthogonal decomposition method for extracting and analyzing local flow field information, it can be concluded that the first and second order modals mainly constitute the key flow states in the wake. Compared to the initial scheme, a drag reduction rate of 7.5% can be achieved by the optimized combination design, which is verified by tests and simulations. Theoretical basis and technical support are provided in this paper for restyling and model change of the next generation of SUV.

Key words: automotive aerodynamics, aerodynamic drag reduction, wind tunnel test, proper orthogonal decomposition