关键词: 汽车风噪, 等效模型, 灰狼优化算法, 噪声预测, 统计能量分析

Abstract:

Developing a high-precision Statistical Energy Analysis （SEA） model to predict vehicle wind noise response requires a significant amount of time and cost. In this paper， a method is proposed for rapidly constructing an equivalent SEA model for vehicle wind noise based on parameter identification， which simplifies the modeling process while ensuring prediction accuracy. An initial SEA model of the compartment is established according to the vehicle’s body structure and dimensions， with the pressure fluctuation excitation on the side window surface and the actual wind tunnel response serving as the model's input and output， respectively. The Grey Wolf Optimizer （GWO） algorithm is employed to identify the acoustic cavity parameters of the model， resulting in an equivalent model that approximates the true wind noise response characteristics. Taking a prototype vehicle as an example， the equivalent wind noise SEA model is used to predict the wind noise response in the compartment under different design schemes. The average prediction error for the total sound pressure level is 1.47%， and the root mean square error of the spectrum is 1.23 dB. The results show that the equivalent model can accurately predict the in-vehicle wind noise response under different design schemes， thereby reducing the number of wind tunnel tests and having high engineering application value.

Key words: automobile wind noise, equivalent model, grey wolf optimizer algorithm, noise prediction, statistical energy analysis