汽车工程 ›› 2025, Vol. 47 ›› Issue (7): 1268-1276.doi: 10.19562/j.chinasae.qcgc.2025.07.004

• • 上一篇    

紧凑型氢引射器设计及其对车用燃料电池性能影响研究

李子毅1,罗马吉1(),黄易元1,2,王陆松1   

  1. 1.武汉理工大学汽车工程学院,武汉 430070
    2.武汉雄韬氢雄燃料电池科技有限公司,武汉 430090
  • 收稿日期:2024-12-10 修回日期:2025-02-01 出版日期:2025-07-25 发布日期:2025-07-18
  • 通讯作者: 罗马吉 E-mail:mjluo@whut.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    第二十七届中国科协年会学术论文。湖北省重点研发计划项目(2023BAB114)

Design of Compact Hydrogen Ejector and Impact on Performance of Vehicular Fuel Cells

Ziyi Li1,Maji Luo1(),Yiyuan Huang1,2,Lusong Wang1   

  1. 1.School of Automotive Engineering,Wuhan University of Technology,Wuhan 430070
    2.Wuhan Hydro-vision Fuel Cell Technology Co. ,Ltd. ,Wuhan 430090
  • Received:2024-12-10 Revised:2025-02-01 Online:2025-07-25 Published:2025-07-18
  • Contact: Maji Luo E-mail:mjluo@whut.edu.cn

摘要:

本文针对130 kW车用燃料电池系统的高集成化、轻量化需求,设计了一款紧凑型氢引射器。采用计算流体力学方法研究了关键结构参数(混合室长度、扩散室长度、喷嘴出口位置、混合室直径以及扩散室角度)对紧凑型引射器性能的影响,最终优化后的紧凑型氢引射器的全长仅为原尺寸氢引射器的53.8%。稳态特性测试结果表明,搭载紧凑型氢引射器的130 kW燃料电池系统性能达到设计要求,电堆效率和系统效率分别为51.3%和44.3%。在电堆功率小于60 kW的工况下,紧凑型氢引射器的回氢性能优于原尺寸氢引射器,且全工况下均可满足回氢比大于0.5的燃料电池系统需求。

关键词: 燃料电池系统, 氢引射器, 紧凑型, CFD仿真, 回氢比

Abstract:

For the high integration and lightweight requirements of a 130 kW automotive fuel cell system, a compact hydrogen injector is designed. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) methods are used to examine the effect of the key structural parameters (mixing chamber length, diffuser length, nozzle exit position, mixing chamber diameter, and diffuser angle) on its performance. The fully optimized compact hydrogen ejector's total length is only 53.8% that of the original size hydrogen ejector. The steady-state characteristic test results show that the 130 kW fuel cell system equipped with the compact hydrogen ejector achieves the design requirements, with a stack efficiency of 51.3% and a system efficiency of 44.3%. The compact hydrogen ejector shows superior hydrogen recirculation performance under conditions when the stack power is less than 60 kW. Moreover, it can meet the requirements of fuel cell systems that demand a recirculation ratio greater than 0.5 under all operating conditions.

Key words: fuel cell systems, hydrogen ejectors, compact design, CFD simulation, hydrogen recirculation ratio