汽车工程 ›› 2025, Vol. 47 ›› Issue (7): 1369-1382.doi: 10.19562/j.chinasae.qcgc.2025.07.014

• • 上一篇    

半挂汽车列车关键参数对动力学稳定性影响的量化分析

周猛,宁一高(),赵轩,王姝,付子扬   

  1. 长安大学汽车学院,西安 710018
  • 出版日期:2025-07-25 发布日期:2025-07-18
  • 通讯作者: 宁一高 E-mail:ningyigao@chd.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划项目(2024YFB2505703);国家自然科学基金(52402492);国家自然科学基金(52172362);中国博士后科学基金(2023M730358);陕西省科技成果转化计划项目(2024CG-CGZH-19)

Quantitative Analysis of Key Parameters’ Influence on the Dynamics Stability for Tractor-Semitrailer

Meng Zhou,Yigao Ning(),Xuan Zhao,Shu Wang,Ziyang Fu   

  1. School of Automobile,Chang’an University,Xi’an 710018
  • Online:2025-07-25 Published:2025-07-18
  • Contact: Yigao Ning E-mail:ningyigao@chd.edu.cn

摘要:

半挂汽车列车动力学稳定性受到多种参数的影响,且相关参数对动力学稳定性的影响规律及影响程度尚不清晰。为此,本文建立半挂汽车列车7自由度动力学机理模型,通过与试验数据标定过的TruckSim模型在多种测试工况下进行对比,验证了机理模型的准确性。然后,采用机理模型研究了挂车质心垂向位置、牵引车和挂车轴侧偏刚度、牵引车和挂车侧倾刚度、铰接点侧倾刚度,以及挂车簧上质量等关键参数对动力学稳定性的影响。在此基础上,结合TruckSim模型进行量化分析,得出全工况平面内各参数对动力学稳定性影响的百分比量化指标及其变化规律,挂车质心垂向位置的变化占3.14%~4.53%,挂车簧上质量的变化占23.34%~34.66%,牵引车前轴侧偏刚度的变化占20.87%~30.38%,牵引车后轴侧偏刚度的变化占21.67%~33.72%,挂车轴侧偏刚度的变化占5.74%~8.48%,牵引车侧倾刚度的变化占3.55%~6.81%,挂车侧倾刚度的变化占1.19%~3.15%,铰接点侧倾刚度的变化占0.33%~0.73%。相关结果可为半挂汽车列车的优化设计及安全行驶提供理论依据。

关键词: 半挂汽车列车, 动力学稳定性, 关键参数, 影响规律, 量化分析

Abstract:

Dynamics stability of tractor-semitrailer is influenced by multiple parameters, and the influence rules and effect degree of related parameters on dynamics stability are still unclear. To this end, in this paper a 7-degrees-of-freedom dynamic model of tractor-semitrailer is established and validated in several test scenarios by comparing to the TruckSim model that is calibrated with experimental data. Then, the influence of key parameters on dynamics stability is investigated by the established model, such as vertical position of semitrailer’s mass center, axles’ cornering stiffness of the tractor and semitrailer, roll stiffness of the tractor and the semitrailer, the roll stiffness of the articulation point, and sprung mass of the trailer. On this basis, a quantitative analysis is performed with the TruckSim model, and the influence percentage rates and changing rules of key parameters are obtained. The influence percentage of the vertical position of semitrailer’s mass center is 3.14%~4.53%, sprung mass of the trailer 23.34%~34.66%, front axles’ cornering stiffness of the tractor 20.87%~30.38%, rear axles’ cornering stiffness of the tractor 21.67%~33.72%, axles’ cornering stiffness of the semitrailer 5.74%~8.48%, roll stiffness of the tractor 3.55%~6.81%, roll stiffness of the semitrailer 1.19%~3.15%, roll stiffness of the articulation point 0.33%~0.73%. The research results can provide a theoretical foundation for the optimal design and safety driving of tractor-semitrailer.

Key words: tractor-semitrailer, dynamics stability, key parameters, influence rules, quantitative analysis