基于拉拽安全性能的汽车座椅优化设计

doi:10.19562/j.chinasae.qcgc.2021.02.009

Abstract

Abstract:

Firstly, according to the test procedure for seat pull safety performance, provisioned in National Standard GB14167—2013“Safety?belt anchorages，ISOFIX anchorages systems and ISOFIX top tether anchorages for vehicles”, the modeling and simulation of a single vehicle seat are conducted with the reliability of the model verified by test. Then for improving the seat pull safety performance and achieving lightweighting, with consideration of the requirements of NVH performance on the modal frequency of structure, the topology optimization and dimension optimization on seat frame are performed from concept design phase to detail design phase. In concept design phase, the seat deformation trend under dynamic loading is simulated by multi?static load, and a topology optimization is carried out on seat structure with minimizing the overall compliance of seat frame as objective, the volume of design zone and the first order modal frequency as constraints. On this basis and through the relative sensitivity analysis，the panel thickness of 10 components is selected from 19 components as design variables. By adopting the design of experiment with Hammersley and Latin hypercube samplings, approximate models are constructed with moving least squares method. With minimizing the mass and the maximum deformation of seat rail as objectives, a simulation proceeds by using multi?objective genetic algorithm with the Pareto optimal solution obtained. The results indicate that after optimization, the seat mass and maximum deformation of seat rail reduce by 5.7% and 16.2% respectively while the first order modal frequency is not less than 19 Hz, achieving both the improvement in seat pull safety performance and lightweighting.

Key words: seat, topology optimization, relative sensitivity analysis, multi?objective optimization

Zhifei Zhang,Tongtong Hu,Weichun Fan,Changjin Wang,Ruiwen Huang. Design Optimization of Vehicle Seats for Pull Safety Performance[J].Automotive Engineering, 2021, 43(2): 218-225.

Figures/Tables 19

References 16

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名称	试验应力/MPa	仿真应力/MPa	误差/%
应变花1	175.6	186.6	6.26
应变花2	404.0	397.0	-1.70
应变花3	268.5	278.2	3.60
应变花4	254.0	250.4	-1.40
应变片a	702.0	622.0	-11.40
应变片b	319.8	300.7	-6.00

参数	拓扑优化前	拓扑优化后	改进/%
质量/kg	13.20	12.97	1.7
滑轨最大位移/mm	22.08	20.58	6.8
1阶频率/Hz	19.59	19.31	-1.4

样本点	DV₁/mm	DV₂/mm	DV₃/mm	DV₄/mm	DV₅/mm	DV₆/mm	DV₇/mm	DV₈/mm	DV₉/mm	DV₁₀/mm	m/kg	dis/mm	f₁/Hz
1	1.06	1.50	2.25	1.64	1.96	1.51	0.75	1.47	1.10	0.58	11.96	28.60	17.64
2	1.07	1.28	2.75	1.88	2.18	1.62	0.79	1.54	1.14	0.60	12.09	26.51	18.26
3	1.08	1.73	1.92	2.12	2.39	1.73	0.84	1.61	1.19	0.62	12.57	24.49	18.93
4	1.09	1.16	2.42	2.36	2.61	1.84	0.88	1.68	1.24	0.64	12.41	23.38	19.23
5	1.11	1.61	2.92	1.45	2.82	1.95	0.93	1.75	1.29	0.66	12.43	20.94	17.79
						…
70	1.91	1.39	2.68	1.61	1.85	2.00	0.95	1.56	1.67	0.58	12.47	21.68	18.05
71	1.92	1.84	3.18	1.85	2.06	2.00	0.99	1.63	1.72	0.60	13.19	21.11	18.91
72	1.93	1.11	1.90	2.09	2.27	2.11	1.04	1.70	1.77	0.63	12.57	20.63	18.93
73	1.94	1.56	2.40	2.33	2.49	2.22	1.09	1.77	1.82	0.65	13.29	20.07	20.04

样本点	DV₁/mm	DV₂/mm	DV₃/mm	DV₄/mm	DV₅/mm	DV₆/mm	DV₇/mm	DV₈/mm	DV₉/mm	DV₁₀/mm	m/kg	dis/mm	f₁/Hz
1	1.90	1.06	2.99	2.35	1.93	1.78	1.29	2.19	1.44	0.64	12.93	24.47	19.56
2	1.40	1.37	3.09	1.74	2.36	2.25	1.03	1.82	1.66	0.60	12.56	19.17	18.69
3	1.68	1.61	2.88	1.56	2.88	1.43	0.85	2.38	1.28	0.95	13.10	33.31	17.98
4	1.63	1.46	2.73	2.47	2.43	1.88	0.78	2.01	1.82	0.89	13.39	22.88	20.01
						…
18	1.56	1.28	3.20	1.61	1.80	1.84	1.23	1.55	1.75	0.98	12.80	22.43	18.35
19	1.34	1.75	2.51	2.54	2.08	2.55	1.01	1.72	1.18	0.70	13.22	19.29	20.47
20	1.11	1.68	2.84	2.40	2.28	1.99	0.73	1.95	1.10	0.77	13.05	22.60	19.68

变量	原始值	优化结果			改进/%
变量	原始值	预测值	仿真值	误差/%	改进/%
DV₁/mm	1.5	1.204	1.2
DV₂/mm	1.5	1.205	1.2
DV₃/mm	2.5	2.028	2.0
DV₄/mm	2.0	1.911	1.9
DV₅/mm	2.5	2.733	2.7
DV₆/mm	2.0	2.399	2.4
DV₇/mm	1.0	1.161	1.2
DV₈/mm	2.0	2.131	2.1
DV₉/mm	1.5	1.799	1.8
DV₁₀/mm	0.8	0.640	0.64
f₁/Hz	19.31	19.016	19.01	-0.03
m/kg	12.97	12.470	12.45	-0.16	4.0
dis/mm	20.58	17.086	18.50	8.3	10.1

Design Optimization of Vehicle Seats for Pull Safety Performance

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