柴油机气缸垫状态参数预测与结构优化研究

doi:10.19562/j.chinasae.qcgc.2021.02.011

Abstract

Abstract:

In order to improve the reliability and fatigue life of a heavy?duty diesel engine cylinder head gasket， based on its state parameters such as temperature field， thermal?mechanical coupling stress field and deformation， the working parameters of the cylinder head gasket are optimized using related methods. The orthogonal experiment method is used to analyze the influence of the five working parameters of cylinder circle diameter， water hole circle diameter， heat insulation strip length， cylinder gasket thickness and bolt pre?tightening force on the above three state parameters， with the four most significant working parameters defined . Using the proposed hybrid neural network model， the corresponding relationship model between the working parameters and the state parameters is established， and the optimal working parameter value of the cylinder head gasket is calculated and determined in combination with the proposed improved gray wolf algorithm. The finite element analysis results show that the temperature stress and deformation of the cylinder head gasket after the improvement have been significantly improved， which proves the effectiveness of the improvement and the accuracy of the algorithm.

Key words: diesel engine, cylinder head gasket, optimization, hybrid neural network, improved grey wolf algorithm

Yi Dong,Jianmin Liu,Pu Li,Yanbin Liu,Xinyong Qiao. Research on Prediction of State Parameters and Structure Optimization of Diesel Engine Cylinder Gasket[J].Automotive Engineering, 2021, 43(2): 232-240.

Figures/Tables 21

序号	$A$	$B$	$C$	$D$	$E$	$T m a x$ /K	$S m a x$ /MPa	$D m a x$ /mm
1	1	1	1	1	1	536.24	243.51	0.484 4
2	1	2	2	2	2	534.47	242.70	0.285 0
3	1	3	3	3	3	524.16	230.02	0.309 5
4	1	4	4	4	4	534.99	237.63	0.350 9
5	1	5	5	5	5	536.12	250.01	0.449 6
6	2	1	2	3	4	531.18	253.76	0.362 9
7	2	2	3	4	5	536.85	226.73	0.425 3
8	2	3	4	5	1	533.37	251.56	0.496 3
9	2	4	5	1	2	536.45	225.64	0.383 6
10	2	5	1	2	3	535.80	229.66	0.350 1
11	3	1	3	5	2	531.38	256.49	0.382 5
12	3	2	4	1	3	533.18	233.61	0.385 3
13	3	3	5	2	4	531.62	243.36	0.248 8
14	3	4	1	3	5	531.30	235.74	0.207 5
15	3	5	2	4	1	534.81	245.86	0.476 1
16	4	1	4	2	5	536.38	247.56	0.322 3
17	4	2	5	3	1	531.18	244.87	0.441 1
18	4	3	1	4	2	535.67	247.27	0.358 1
19	4	4	2	5	3	535.87	232.76	0.354 3
20	4	5	3	1	4	533.99	242.24	0.344 7
21	5	1	5	4	3	536.40	261.49	0.219 4
22	5	2	1	5	4	532.73	225.18	0.297 8
23	5	3	2	1	5	531.76	233.14	0.344 4
24	5	4	3	2	1	532.71	238.26	0.377 5
25	5	5	4	3	2	533.86	243.55	0.326 5

指标	指标	$S i 2$	$S i 2 / f i$	F值	F值临界值			显著性
指标	指标	$S i 2$	$S i 2 / f i$	F值	0.10	0.05	0.01	显著性
温度	A	18.717	4.679	0.540	2.250	2.870	4.430
	B	39.300	9.825	1.133	2.250	2.870	4.430
	C	24.133	6.033	0.696	2.250	2.870	4.430
	D	80.837	20.209	2.331	2.250	2.870	4.430	※
	E	10.376	2.594	0.299	2.250	2.870	4.430
应力	A	103.673	32.818	0.278	2.250	2.870	4.430
	B	1124.412	126.088	3.018	2.250	2.870	4.430	※※
	C	237.836	42.609	0.638	2.250	2.870	4.430
	D	211.473	42.408	0.568	2.250	2.870	4.430
	E	185.625	67.386	0.498	2.250	2.870	4.430
变形	A	0.024	0.006	0.984	2.250	2.870	4.430
	B	0.008	0.002	0.328	2.250	2.870	4.430
	C	0.004	0.001	0.164	2.250	2.870	4.430
	D	0.061	0.015	1.025	2.250	2.870	4.430
	E	0.120	0.030	2.500	2.250	2.870	4.430	※

序号	$A$	$B$	$D$	$E$	$T m a x$ /K	$S m a x$ /MPa	$D m a x$ /mm
1	153.0	23.1	2.05	134.8	532.338 1	241.496 1	0.465 340
2	153.0	24.2	2.60	145.8	534.027 2	240.668 6	0.289 510
3	153.0	25.5	3.25	158.8	529.614 3	235.986 9	0.329 427
4	153.0	26.8	3.90	171.8	532.389 5	246.393 7	0.427 519
5	154.0	23.1	3.05	164.8	528.703 9	252.573 5	0.366 654
6	154.0	24.4	3.70	157.8	530.752 6	238.510 1	0.454 281
7	154.0	25.7	2.60	140.8	530.554 0	235.373 8	0.416 173
8	154.0	27.0	2.50	153.8	535.800 0	229.660 0	0.350 100
9	155.0	23.3	3.40	146.8	534.377 6	251.141 5	0.383 875
10	155.0	24.6	2.30	159.8	534.850 1	238.629 9	0.302 998
11	155.0	25.9	2.95	172.8	533.918 7	237.744 6	0.210 332
12	155.2	26.2	3.30	141.8	532.506 1	248.427 4	0.444 810
13	156.0	23.5	2.75	153.8	537.080 8	244.863 7	0.385 204
14	156.0	24.8	3.40	141.8	536.854 2	248.083 8	0.371 042
15	156.0	26.1	3.80	154.8	534.346 8	232.051 3	0.353 681
16	156.4	25.4	2.60	159.8	530.991 1	247.894 2	0.291 781
17	157.0	23.7	3.85	160.8	535.046 3	237.800 9	0.272 666
18	157.0	25.0	2.00	173.8	531.760 0	233.140 0	0.344 400
19	157.0	26.3	2.65	136.8	529.145 7	242.215 6	0.364 453
20	157.0	27.0	3.00	143.8	533.860 0	243.550 0	0.326 500

序号	$A$	$B$	$D$	E	$T m a x$ /K		误差/%	$S m a x$ /MPa		误差/%	$D m a x$ /mm		误差/%
序号	$A$	$B$	$D$	E	计算值	预测值	误差/%	计算值	预测值	误差/%	计算值	预测值	误差/%
1	153.0	24.0	2.50	143.8	534.47	518.88	2.92	242.70	244.30	-0.66	0.285 00	0.284 48	0.18
2	153.0	24.9	2.95	152.8	530.30	549.12	-3.55	230.07	238.88	-3.83	0.308 35	0.306 37	0.64
3	153.0	25.8	3.4	161.8	527.60	515.45	2.30	234.42	228.21	2.65	0.340 17	0.340 77	-0.18
4	153.0	27.0	4.00	173.8	536.12	550.72	-2.72	250.01	251.31	-0.52	0.449 60	0.466 05	-3.66
5	153.4	25.4	3.60	169.8	534.01	529.07	0.92	252.55	264.47	-4.72	0.411 85	0.419 37	-1.83
6	154.0	26.2	2.10	145.8	537.03	528.73	1.54	224.76	233.98	-4.10	0.374 50	0.362 16	3.29
7	154.0	26.9	2.45	152.8	537.19	529.54	1.42	231.43	230.75	0.29	0.353 52	0.364 66	-3.15
8	155.0	23.1	3.80	144.8	533.76	548.69	-2.80	256.38	266.05	-3.77	0.384 35	0.401 43	-4.44
9	155.0	24.6	2.30	159.8	534.85	513.51	3.99	238.63	227.39	4.71	0.303 00	0.308 13	-1.69
10	155.6	24.6	2.90	157.8	533.26	517.57	2.94	248.15	247.10	0.42	0.384 01	0.401 46	-4.55
11	156.0	23.3	2.65	161.8	539.84	536.30	0.66	248.46	259.93	-4.62	0.359 15	0.375 88	-4.66
12	156.0	26.6	2.80	159.8	537.53	536.07	0.27	237.79	228.44	3.93	0.345 07	0.342 17	0.84
13	157.0	23.8	3.90	161.8	537.21	519.08	3.37	232.47	229.89	1.11	0.282 20	0.276 99	1.85
14	157.0	24.7	2.60	170.8	536.81	528.71	1.51	230.70	221.02	4.19	0.331 11	0.320 97	3.06
15	157.0	26.2	2.60	135.8	528.34	509.59	3.55	237.52	240.49	-1.25	0.370 87	0.367 07	1.02

指标	$T m a x$ /K	$S m a x$ /MPa	$D m a x$ /mm
优化前	534.16	239.96	0.375 7
优化后	506.28	223.12	0.322 9
差值	27.88	16.84	0.052 8
差值比例	5.22%	7.02%	14.05%

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参数	数值
型式	四冲程涡轮增压直喷水冷
缸数及排列	12缸V排列
缸径/mm	150
冲程/mm	180
压缩比	13.5
排量/L	38.8
连杆长度/mm	320
额定功率/kW	537(2 000 r·min^-1)
最大转矩/（N·m）	2 991(1 400 r·min^-1)

测点	1	2	3	4	5	6
实验/K	414.73	417.59	412.71	420.05	417.45	422.84
计算/K	391.81	414.75	432.88	446.83	447.10	440.32
误差/%	5.53	0.68	-4.89	-6.37	-7.10	-4.13

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Research on Prediction of State Parameters and Structure Optimization of Diesel Engine Cylinder Gasket

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Figures/Tables 21

References 10

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参数	A	B	C	D	E
原始值/mm	155	25.0	1.50	3.00	153.8
优化后的值/mm	154	24.2	1.75	2.53	144.2