基于碰撞安全性的铝合金吸能盒轻量优化

doi:10.19562/j.chinasae.qcgc.2021.02.012

Abstract

Abstract:

An energy absorbing box， matched with the anti?collision beam of carbon fiber composite bumper is taken as the object of study in this paper. Through an optimization by the design of experiment， the optimal cone angle and the diameter and arrangement of the collapsed holes of energy absorbing box are obtained. Then， by adopting Latin hypercube sampling technique and the multi?objective particle swarm optimization algorithm based on Kriging surrogate model with adding?point strategy， a multi?objective optimization on the thickness of energy absorbing box is conducted. After optimization， the energy absorbed by energy absorbing box greatly increases with its mass significantly reduces. Furthermore， the results of 100% overlap frontal crash with rigid wall and 25% overlap offset column collision show that the energy absorbing box has good energy absorption characteristics with rational deformation mode in crash. Finally， a low?speed frontal crash sled test is carried out for bumper beam and energy absorbing box， verifying the results of simulation in terms of the crash displacements of energy absorbing box with relatively small error.

Key words: energy absorbing box, design of experiment, Latin hypercube sampling, Kriging surrogate model, multi?objective optimization

Jing Chen,Sen Xu,Zhen Liu,Aotian Tang,Lü Wei. Lightweight Optimization of Aluminum Alloy Energy Absorbing Box for Crash Safety[J].Automotive Engineering, 2021, 43(2): 241-247.

Figures/Tables 17

References 9

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试验号	峰值力/kN	平均力/kN	吸能量/kJ	质量/kg	粘接面积/mm²
1	24.60	13.06	319.88	0.18	5 047.63
2	24.39	13.34	278.64	0.18	5 047.63
3	24.73	13.17	272.54	0.18	5 047.63
4	25.57	13.25	297.25	0.17	3 961.60
5	25.69	13.02	347.52	0.17	3 961.60
6	25.39	13.04	329.93	0.17	3 961.60
7	27.41	13.02	281.30	0.16	2 829.63
8	24.93	13.00	300.98	0.16	2 829.63
9	23.11	12.77	293.45	0.16	2 829.63
10	25.27	13.28	288.30	0.18	5 047.63
11	22.77	13.01	315.81	0.18	5 047.63
12	26.20	12.96	291.99	0.18	5 047.63
13	24.59	13.06	317.86	0.17	3 961.60
14	25.52	13.02	315.21	0.17	3 961.60
15	25.89	13.01	311.31	0.17	3 961.60
16	28.62	13.17	280.72	0.16	2 829.63
17	25.09	12.92	319.49	0.16	2 829.63
18	26.85	12.84	317.66	0.16	2 829.63

测点编号	仿真/mm	试验/mm	偏差/mm
1	1.020	0.769	0.251
2	1.002	0.877	0.125
3	0.981	0.842	0.139
4	0.964	1.088	0.124
5	1.034	1.058	0.024
6	1.011	1.154	0.143
7	0.984	1.310	0.326
8	0.969	1.205	0.236

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Lightweight Optimization of Aluminum Alloy Energy Absorbing Box for Crash Safety

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试验号	A（锥角）	B（溃缩孔排列）	C（1区孔直径）	D（2区孔直径）	E（3区孔直径）
1	1	1	1	1	1
2	1	2	2	2	2
3	1	3	3	3	3
4	2	1	1	2	2
5	2	2	2	3	3
6	2	3	3	1	1
7	3	1	2	1	3
8	3	2	3	2	1
9	3	3	1	3	2
10	1	1	3	3	2
11	1	2	1	1	3
12	1	3	2	2	1
13	2	1	2	3	1
14	2	2	3	1	2
15	2	3	1	2	3
16	3	1	3	2	3
17	3	2	1	3	1
18	3	3	2	1	2

试验号	A（锥角）	B（溃缩孔排列）	C（1区孔直径）	D（2区孔直径）	E（3区孔直径）
1	1	1	1	1	1
2	1	2	2	2	2
3	1	3	3	3	3
4	2	1	1	2	2
5	2	2	2	3	3
6	2	3	3	1	1
7	3	1	2	1	3
8	3	2	3	2	1
9	3	3	1	3	2
10	1	1	3	3	2
11	1	2	1	1	3
12	1	3	2	2	1
13	2	1	2	3	1
14	2	2	3	1	2
15	2	3	1	2	3
16	3	1	3	2	3
17	3	2	1	3	1
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试验号	A（锥角）	B（溃缩孔排列）	C（1区孔直径）	D（2区孔直径）	E（3区孔直径）
1	1	1	1	1	1
2	1	2	2	2	2
3	1	3	3	3	3
4	2	1	1	2	2
5	2	2	2	3	3
6	2	3	3	1	1
7	3	1	2	1	3
8	3	2	3	2	1
9	3	3	1	3	2
10	1	1	3	3	2
11	1	2	1	1	3
12	1	3	2	2	1
13	2	1	2	3	1
14	2	2	3	1	2
15	2	3	1	2	3
16	3	1	3	2	3
17	3	2	1	3	1
18	3	3	2	1	2