轮毂电机驱动电动汽车双横臂前悬架运动学优化

doi:10.19562/j.chinasae.qcgc.2021.03.001

Abstract

Abstract:

In the retrofit of the in?wheel motor?driven electric vehicle based on the chassis platform of traditional vehicle, the placement of hub?motors will result in the coordination change of suspension hard?points, severely affecting the kinematic characteristics of suspension. Therefore, a design optimization of the retrofitted in?wheel motor?driven electric vehicle is required. With the kinematic characteristics of the double wishbone front suspension in a conventional vehicle chassis platform as optimization objectives, a two?step optimization scheme is proposed according to the results of parameter sensibility analysis, i.e. the optimization of kingpin positioning parameters is performed first, then that of camber and toe proceeds. The optimization solution set of suspension parameters obtained by using ISIGHT software and the global non?normalized multi?objective genetic optimization algorithm NSGA?II is validated under the ADAMS/Car platform. The results show that the optimized suspension kinematic characteristics are improved significantly, being basically consistent with the K characteristics of original vehicle, demonstrating the feasibility of optimization scheme adopted and assuring the handling and stability of retrofitted electric vehicle not greatly affected by the placement of hub?motors.

Key words: in?wheel motor?driven electric vehicle, double wishbone suspension, sensitivity analysis, optimization, suspension kinematic characteristics

Junnian Wang,Peng Liu,Fang Yang,Liqiang Jin,Tiejun Fu. Kinematics Optimization of Double Wishbone Front Suspension for In⁃wheel Motor⁃Driven Electric Vehicles[J].Automotive Engineering, 2021, 43(3): 305-312.

Figures/Tables 18

References 16

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类别	参数	数值
轮毂电机	减速器速比	11
	最大功率/kW	30
	最大转矩/(N·m)	490
	轴向长度/mm	300
	直径/mm	222
	质量/kg	30
	冷却类型	空冷
减振元件	减振器布置	上臂支撑
	偏频/Hz	1.2
	悬架静挠度/mm	172
	悬架动挠度/mm	80
	弹簧中径/mm	130
	弹簧刚度/(N·mm^-1)	21.91
	减振器工作缸直径/mm	30
	减振器阻尼系数/(N·s·m^-1)	5 538
	减振器内倾角/(°)	7

硬点坐标/mm	x	y	z
下控制臂内侧前点	-168	-293	210
下控制臂外点	-4	-690	-148
下控制臂内侧后点	162	-308	206
减振器下端点	0	-450	473
副车架前点	-500	-450	130
副车架后点	300	-450	-170
转向横拉杆内端点	200	-404	300
转向横拉杆外端点	150	-752	300
减振器上端点	0	-375	760
上控制臂内侧前点	-81	-381	451
上控制臂外点	5	-644	473
上控制臂内侧后点	88	-391	434
车轮中心点	0	-770	300

灵敏度数值/%	前束角	外倾角	主销内倾角	主销后倾角	主销偏距	主销后倾拖距
转向横拉杆内侧点z坐标	-71.76	0.30	0	0.05	0	0.15
转向横拉杆外侧点z坐标	45.35	-0.22	0	-0.06	-0.02	-0.18
上控制臂前端硬点z坐标	25.63	-7.65	-0.03	-0.24	0.01	0.20
上控制臂后端硬点z坐标	11.53	-7.51	-0.03	0.24	0.02	-0.25
下控制臂外侧点z坐标	-23.97	-7.44	2.96	3.18	-3.35	3.80
上控制臂外侧点y坐标	-2.05	0.53	21.30	0.03	-7.15	12.64
下控制臂外侧点y坐标	8.58	1.33	-21.09	0.41	23.80	-13.47
上控制臂外侧点x坐标	-9.72	0.96	-0.23	103.7	0.07	26.26
下控制臂外侧点x坐标	7.97	0.29	-0.367	-99.09	-0.13	-80.09
轮心y坐标	7.61	0.26	-0.11	-0.75	-16.6	0.23
轮心x坐标	3.28	0.91	0.07	-3.47	0.04	57.22
上控制臂外侧点z坐标	-26.92	12.21	-3.00	-3.38	1.00	-2.18
下控制臂内侧后点z坐标	24.30	5.16	0.05	0.50	-0.02	1.06

参数	初始值	目标值	优化值
主销内倾角/(°)	8.129 6	4.400 0	5.846 8
主销偏距/mm	60.191 3	35.000 0	34.47
主销后倾角/(°)	1.556 8	5.189 6	2.276 6
主销后倾拖距/mm	7.736 5	1.324 1	1.624 7

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Kinematics Optimization of Double Wishbone Front Suspension for In⁃wheel Motor⁃Driven Electric Vehicles

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