汽车与护栏碰撞立柱绊阻机理及防止措施

doi:10.19562/j.chinasae.qcgc.2021.05.014

Abstract

Abstract:

For studying the collision safety in a car?guardrail accident， a finite element model of the corrugated beam guardrail is established in accordance with the national highway guardrail standard， and a car?guardrail collision simulation model is constructed based on a car model. The corrugated beam guardrail is analyzed in terms of the running trajectory and mass acceleration of vehicle and the maximum dynamic deformation and the energy absorbing performance of each part of guardrail， and it is found that the stumbling obstruction of the post to vehicle wheel makes the acceleration of vehicle's mass center exceed the national standard limit， posing a serious threat to the safety of the occupants in the vehicle. The mechanism of the post stumbling obstruction is analyzed， and a filled post and an N?shaped bent post are designed and then verified by simulation to be effective in apparently improving the safety of car?guardrail collision. Finally， orthogonal experiments are adopted to study the influence of the corrugated beam thickness of guardrail and the thickness， spacing and structure of the post on the safety of vehicle?guardrail collision， and an optimal parameter combination is selected. The results of simulation verification show that the optimized guardrail can effectively avoid or reduce the post stumbling obstruction， enhancing the collision safety of guardrails.

Key words: vehicles, collision safety, occupant safety, simulation, highway guardrail, post stumbling obstruction

Kunmin Zhao,Najie Cui,Dewang Zhao,Daxin Ren,Xianyu Shen. Mechanism and Prevention Measures of Post Stumbling Obstruction in Car⁃Guardrail Collision[J].Automotive Engineering, 2021, 43(5): 746-753.

Figures/Tables 14

References 20

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因素	梁板厚度A/mm	立柱结构B	立柱间距C/mm	立柱厚度D/mm
水平1	3	现有立柱	2 000	3.5
水平2	4	填充立柱	3 000	4.5
水平3	5	N型立柱	4 000	5.5

试验号		因素A	因素B	因素C	因素D	合成加速度的最大值a_max /g	护栏最大动态变形量b_max /mm
1		1	1	1	1	30.0	792
2		1	2	2	2	19.9	808
3		1	3	3	3	16.8	898
4		2	1	2	3	20.8	730
5		2	2	3	1	21.0	784
6		2	3	1	2	21.0	709
7		3	1	3	2	22.0	686
8		3	2	1	3	31.1	475
9		3	3	2	1	19.2	765
a_max/g	M₁	66.8	72.9	82.2	70.2	T=202g
	M₂	62.9	72.1	60.0	63.1
	M₃	72.4	57.1	59.9	68.8
	R	9.48	15.8	22.3	7.17
b_max /mm	M₁	2 499	2 208	1 977	2 342	T=6651 mm
	M₂	2 224	2 069	2 304	2 205
	M₃	1 928	2 373	2 369	2 104
	R	571	304	391	238

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Mechanism and Prevention Measures of Post Stumbling Obstruction in Car⁃Guardrail Collision

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