梯度负泊松比结构填充吸能盒多工况优化设计

doi:10.19562/j.chinasae.qcgc.2021.05.015

Abstract

Abstract:

In the process of vehicle collision， oblique collision is more common. Through crashworthiness study of the three?dimensional （3D） negative Poisson’s ratio （NPR） lattice structure under multiple conditions， it is found that the impact angle has a great impact on the crashworthiness of the 3D NPR lattice structure. As the impact angle increases， the energy absorption value is on a downward trend. The gradient NPR lattice structure is selected as the filling material into the crash box. The wall thickness of the crash box and three gradient thicknesses of inner core are used as design variables. The maximum energy absorption， the minimum peak force， and the mass are adopted as the optimization objectives. The value range of the mass and design variables are regarded as constraints， and multi?objective optimization design is carried out under the multiple conditions based on the multi?island genetic algorithm.The results show that under the condition that the mass and the maximum peak force are basically the same， the comprehensive energy absorption of the crash box filled with NPR structure and the crashworthiness in each impact angle have been greatly improved， which means the optimization effect is obvious.

Key words: functional gradient, negative Poisson’s ratio structure, oblique impact, crashworthiness

Fangwu Ma,Qiang Wang,Hongyu Liang,Yongfeng Pu. Multi⁃objective Optimization of Crash Box Filled with Gradient Negative Poisson’s Ratio Structure Under Multiple Conditions[J].Automotive Engineering, 2021, 43(5): 754-761.

Figures/Tables 20

参数	t/mm	h/mm	l/mm	$γ$ /（°）
赋值	1.55	22	12	30

$σ t$ /MPa	507	570	620	650	675	685	698
$ε p$ /%	0	4.8	9.8	14.8	19.8	24.8	29.8

References 19

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β/（°）		0	5	10	15	20	25	30
PCF/kN	v=5 m/s	374.81	80.60	75.386	78.240	56.530	45.754	39.117
	v=10 m/s	454.90	102.32	92.168	89.979	93.813	80.259	62.351
	v=50 m/s	1 028.00	515.40	440.570	414.180	404.820	397.690	393.28
EA/J	v=5 m/s	11 771	11 246	11 406	9 857	7 022	5 372	4 226
	v=10 m/s	14 579	13 540	11 406	9 857	10 023	7 435	5 838
	v=50 m/s	46 791	40 979	39 783	39 587	35 916	31 443	28 416
SEA/（J·kg^-1）	v=5 m/s	3 966	3 789	3 843	3 321	2 366	1 810	1 424
	v=10 m/s	4 912	4 562	4 285	4 113	3 377	2 505	1 967
	v=50 m/s	15 765	13 807	13 404	13 338	12 101	10 594	9 574

设计变量	初始值	最小值	最大值
t	1.5	1	2
t₁	1.3	0.8	1.8
t₂	1.3	0.8	1.8
t₃	1.3	0.8	1.8

组号	t/mm	t₁/mm	t₂/mm	t₃/mm	M/kg	PCF/kN	EA_θ/J
1	1.000	1.248	1.179	1.214	0.889 80	144.03	8 095
2	1.759	1.386	0.938	0.869	1.447 88	364.06	20 087
3	1.690	1.697	1.731	1.041	1.488 00	403.10	19 319
4	2.000	1.214	1.145	1.559	1.680 50	426.71	26 567
5	1.621	0.869	1.524	0.903	1.351 20	361.81	18 863
6	1.241	1.524	0.903	0.938	1.062 80	197.28	11 524
7	1.448	1.421	1.421	0.800	1.239 30	237.47	15 037
8	1.138	1.076	1.110	1.697	1.020 80	171.65	10 241
9	1.966	1.283	1.455	1.007	1.640 50	397.95	25 151
10	1.483	1.179	1.800	1.248	1.308 70	246.30	16 451
11	1.586	1.352	0.972	1.800	1.385 40	349.39	17 152
12	1.379	0.800	1.386	1.352	1.180 10	210.65	14 208
13	1.172	1.593	1.352	1.731	1.104 00	180.67	11 095
14	1.517	1.317	1.248	1.317	1.303 30	277.37	16 023
15	1.724	1.731	1.283	1.628	1.525 30	394.44	19 865
16	1.655	0.834	1.007	1.662	1.395 70	370.18	19 310
17	1.069	1.490	1.697	1.110	0.994 40	162.59	9 262
18	1.552	1.145	1.490	1.766	1.376 50	314.18	17 382
19	1.276	1.007	1.076	0.834	1.058 15	199.35	11 821
20	1.103	0.972	1.593	0.972	0.968 30	160.82	9 576
21	1.034	1.110	1.628	1.593	0.971 80	146.98	8 547
22	1.862	1.766	1.214	1.076	1.587 20	370.33	22 684
23	1.414	1.662	1.766	1.524	1.311 70	246.49	15 628
24	1.207	1.628	0.869	1.455	1.079 60	182.49	11 217
25	1.931	1.455	1.662	1.490	1.678 50	396.12	24 341
26	1.793	1.559	0.834	1.386	1.516 20	330.52	21 136
27	1.897	0.903	1.559	1.421	1.602 20	384.03	24 941
28	1.310	1.800	1.317	1.179	1.180 20	211.24	13 118
29	1.828	0.938	1.041	1.145	1.494 03	338.35	23 095
30	1.345	1.041	0.800	1.283	1.126 11	229.84	12 889

响应	精度评价系数
响应	R²	MARE	RAAE	RMAE
PCF	0.922 32	0.175 55	0.071 18	0.087 66
EA_θ	0.993 34	0.052 55	0.019 94	0.023 77
M	0.999 81	0.010 10	0.002 94	0.004 10

响应	M/kg	PCF/kN	EA_θ/J
理论值	1.28	257.05	170 48
实际值	1.290 6	261.78	177 81
相对误差	0.828%	1.84%	4.29%

Multi⁃objective Optimization of Crash Box Filled with Gradient Negative Poisson’s Ratio Structure Under Multiple Conditions

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Figures/Tables 20

References 19

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参数	t/mm	t₁/mm	t₂/mm	t₃/mm	M /kg	PCF/kN	EA_θ/J
本体	1.5				1.151	254.71	15 558.75
优化前	1.5	1.3	1.3	1.3	1.291 5	256.92	15 843.5
优化后	1.514 6	0.801 2	1.798 7	0.896 5	1.290 6	261.78	17 781.25

角度/（°）	0	10	20	30
吸能盒本体吸能量/J	18 757	16 862	13 423	13 191
优化吸能盒吸能量/J	22 813	18 281	15 683	14 348

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