基于全生命周期分析的白车身选材方法

doi:10.19562/j.chinasae.qcgc.2022.06.017

Abstract

Abstract:

In this paper， life cycle assessment method is adopted to analyze the equivalent carbon emission and energy consumption of a fuel vehicle with four different materials i.e. common steel， advanced high strength steel （AHSS）， aluminum alloy and carbon fiber reinforced polymer （CFRP） as the material of its body-in-white in different stages of production， use （driving operation） and recovery after discard， with the influences of driving mileage on the emission reduction effects of different materials discussed. The results show that under current technical conditions， using AHSS and aluminum alloy to replace common steel as the material of body-in-white can reduce carbon emission and energy consumption， while using CFRP to replace common steel may increase the carbon emission and energy consumption. The life cycle carbon emission of aluminum alloy mainly depends on that in its production stage， while the selection of material is related to the carbon emission and energy consumption level in the region： in the region with general carbon emission and energy consumption level， aluminum alloy is superior than AHSS， while in the region with high carbon emission and energy consumption level， AHSS is superior than aluminum alloy. With the increase of driving mileage， the emission reduction effects of aluminum alloy become more remarkable. In a condition that the driving mileage of the fuel vehicle reaches 150 thousand km， it will get the comprehensively optimum carbon emission and energy consumption level when the materials of its body-in-white have a proportion of 77.9% AHSS versus 22.1% aluminum alloy.

Key words: life cycle assessment, light-weighting material, carbon emission, energy consumption

Lijun Zhang,Ze Gao,Haiyan Yu. Selection of Body-in-White Material Based on Life Cycle Assessment[J].Automotive Engineering, 2022, 44(6): 945-952.

Figures/Tables 12

水平	材料	碳排放因子/（kgCO₂-eq·kg）	能耗/（MJ·kg $- 1$ ）
普通	钢	1.98	21.00
	AHSS	2.31	25.00
	一次铸铝	7.78	148.00
	二次铸铝	0.51	8.55
	镁	18.22	330.00
	碳纤维	17.35	312.00
高	钢	2.08	21.27
	AHSS	2.45	26.32
	一次铸铝	16.4	191.00

References 22

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材料	质量/kg
普通钢	890.2
铸铁	155.1
AHSS	0
铝板	15.5
铝挤出	15.5
铸铝	77.6
CFRP	0
塑料	186.1
橡胶	46.5
玻璃	46.5
铜	31
液体	28.8
其它	184.1
总计	1 676.9

碳排放当量/ kg CO₂eq	生产阶段	使用阶段	回收阶段	全生命周期	相对比例
基础方案（高排放）	8 057	14 698	-2 797	19 958	1
方案1（高排放）	7 386	13 819	-2 459	18 747	0.939
方案2（高排放）	10 845	13 292	-4 615	19 523	0.978
基础方案（普通排放）	6 984	14 698	-2 017	19 665	1
方案1（普通排放）	6 456	13 819	-1 780	18 495	0.939
方案2（普通排放）	7 703	13 292	-2 548	18 447	0.938

能耗/MJ	生产阶段	使用阶段	回收阶段	全生命周期	相对比例
基础方案（高能耗）	114 973	204 470	-27 483	291 960	1
方案1（高能耗）	107 114	192 242	-24 106	275 250	0.943
方案2（高能耗）	149 923	184 905	-50 245	284 583	0.975
基础方案（普通能耗）	109 902	204 470	-23 809	290 563	1
方案1（普通能耗）	102 726	192 242	-20 918	274 050	0.943
方案2（普通能耗）	134 412	184 905	-40 063	279 254	0.961

碳排放当量/kg CO₂eq	生产阶段	使用阶段	回收阶段	全生命周期	相对比例
基础方案（高排放）	8 361	29 397	-2 797	34 960	1
方案1（高排放）	7 690	27 639	-2 459	32 870	0.940
方案2（高排放）	11 149	26 584	-4 615	33 118	0.947
基础方案（普通排放）	7 286	29 397	-2 017	34 666	1
方案1（普通排放）	6 758	27 639	-1 780	32 616	0.941
方案2（普通排放）	8 004	26 584	-2 548	32 041	0.924

能耗/MJ	生产阶段	使用阶段	回收阶段	全生命周期	相对比例
基础方案（高能耗）	123 467	408 941	-27 483	504 925	1
方案1（高能耗）	115 609	384 484	-24 106	475 987	0.943
方案2（高能耗）	158 417	369 811	-50 245	477 983	0.947
基础方案（普通能耗）	118 392	408 941	-23 809	503 523	1
方案1（普通能耗）	111 216	384 484	-20 918	474 782	0.943
方案2（普通能耗）	142 901	369 811	-40 063	472 649	0.939

Selection of Body-in-White Material Based on Life Cycle Assessment

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Figures/Tables 12

References 22

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拟合方程	生产阶段	使用阶段	回收阶段	全生命周期
碳排放/kgCO₂eq	1237x+6607	-782x+20727.8	-762x-1780	-307x+25554.8
能耗/MJ	31442x+106971	-10882x+288348	-18996x-20918	1564x+374401

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材料	替换比例
AHSS	0.75
铝	0.60
镁	0.50
碳纤维	0.55