汽车在环境风洞内流场的数值模拟与实验研究

doi:10.19562/j.chinasae.qcgc.2024.03.018

Abstract

Abstract:

In order to study the flow field characteristics of the vehicle in environmental wind tunnels， the numerical models of the environmental wind tunnel and the vehicle are established. Considering the blocking effect of the nozzle and contraction section of the environmental wind tunnel， the boundary layer suction and the interference effect of the test facilities on the vehicle flow field， the flow fields in front of the vehicle， around the vehicle body and wheels， in the cooling module and cabin are numerically simulated. The static pressure on the surface of the vehicle， the wind speed around the vehicle body and the bottom of the vehicle are tested. Comparison of the numerical simulation results with the experimental results shows that the numerical wind tunnel can accurately predict the flow field characteristics of the vehicle in the environmental wind tunnel. The results show that the velocity distribution of the front-end airflow of the vehicle changes significantly with the airflow direction， with the uniformity of the air velocity deteriorating as it getting closer to the front cooling module. The airflow at the bottom of the vehicle changes regularly under the joint influence of the ground， the bottom of the vehicle and the rotation of tires， with the air velocity at the bottom of the vehicle increasing first and then decreasing along the longitudinal direction of the vehicle body. This method provides a new idea and reference for studying the thermal aerodynamic performance of vehicles in the environmental wind tunnel and developing the numerical wind tunnel.

Key words: environmental wind tunnel, flow field quality, cooling module, numerical simulation, wind tunnel experiment

Xiang Xu,Yuan Wang,Yilong Yu,Dan Wang,Wei Wang,Junfang Xu,Lijun Zhang. Numerical Simulation and Experimental Research on the Flow Field of Automobile in Environmental Wind Tunnel[J].Automotive Engineering, 2024, 46(3): 536-545.

Figures/Tables 17

References 20

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项目	参数
车辆类型	SUV
发动机	涡轮增压汽油机
整备质量	1 645 kg
额定功率（转速）	124 kW （5 000 r/min）
排量	1.499 L
迎风面积	2.733 m²
长×宽×高	4653 mm×1886 mm×1730 mm

名称	冷凝器	散热器	中冷器
惯性阻力系数	233.73	168.33	200.09
黏性阻力系数	805.78	781.62	497.49

边界位置	边界条件类型
风洞入口	质量流量入口边界
风洞出口	压力出口边界
边界层抽吸平面	压力出口边界
实验段压力释放端口入口	质量流量入口边界
实验段压力释放端口出口	压力出口边界
其余壁面	固定壁面边界

位置（x， y， z）/m	实验值/（km·h^-1）	仿真值/（km·h^-1）	误差/%
1， 0， 0.61	94.2	98.1	4.1
1， 0， 0.15	102.9	107.3	4.3
4.3， 1.2， 0.61	116.4	120.8	3.8
4.3， 1.2， 0.15	108.1	111.9	3.5

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Numerical Simulation and Experimental Research on the Flow Field of Automobile in Environmental Wind Tunnel

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