海豚状肋片仿生流场的PEMFC性能研究

doi:10.19562/j.chinasae.qcgc.2025.10.011

Abstract

Abstract:

In order to improve the output performance and water and thermal management capabilities of proton exchange membrane fuel cells （PEMFCs）， inspired by the drag-reducing shape of dolphins， a dolphin-shaped blockage flow field （DSB-FF） is designed in this paper. A non-isothermal three-dimensional model of the biomimetic flow field is developed and analyzed using Fluent. The simulation results show that the polarization curves of DSB-FF are almost identical to those of the triangular blockage flow field （TB-FF）. Although the peak power density of TB-FF is 2.06% and 0.61% higher than that of the parallel flow field （PFF） and DSB-FF， respectively， its high pressure drop of 27.978 Pa reduces the net output power to 0.720 W. In contrast， DSB-FF， with its superior drag-reducing design， achieves the highest net output power of 0.986 W， effectively balancing power density and pressure drop while maintaining a higher oxygen molar concentration across most regions. Additionally， compared to PFF， DSB-FF accelerates the flow velocity of reactive gases within the flow channels， reducing the drainage time by approximately 5 ms. Among the flow fields， the decreasing contact angle flow field demonstrates the best drainage performance with the shortest drainage time of 11 ms， outperforming the mean and increasing contact angle flow fields. Finally， the DSB-FF equipped with cooling channels effectively reduces the high-temperature regions， exhibiting superior thermal management capabilities compared to PFF.

Key words: proton exchange membrane fuel cell, biomimetic flow field, output performance, water and thermal management

Shuanyang Zhang,Hongtao Xu,Guobin Zhang,Xiaoping Chen,Quan Yuan,Guanyi Chen. Investigation on the Performance of PEMFC with Dolphin-Inspired Biomimetic Flow Field[J].Automotive Engineering, 2025, 47(10): 1953-1962.

Figures/Tables 21

控制方程	表达式	源项
连续性方程	$? ? ε ρ u ? = S c$	$其余区域 : S c = 0 阴极 C L : S c = S H 2 O + S O 2 = M H 2 O 2 F R c a t - M O 2 4 F R c a t 阳极 C L : S c = - M H 2 2 F R a n$
能量方程	$? ? ε ρ c p u ? = ? ? k e f f ? T + S e$	$S e = I 2 R o h m + β S H 2 O h r e a c t + r w h l g + R a n, c a η a n, c a$
动量方程	$? ? ε ρ u ? u ? = - ε ? p + ? ? ε μ ? u ? + S m$	$流道 : S m = 0 多孔区域 : S m = - μ K p u ?$
电荷守恒方程	$? ? σ s ? ? s + R s = 0 ? ? σ m ? ? m + R m = 0$	$阴极 : R s = R c a t; R m = - R c a t 阳极 : R s = - R a n; R m = R a n$
组分守恒方程	$? ? ε ρ u ? C k = ? ? D E_e f f ? C k + S s$	$其余区域 : S s = 0 阴极 C L : S O 2 = - M O 2 4 F R c a t; S H 2 O = M H 2 O 2 F R c a t 阳极 C L : S H 2 = - M H 2 2 F R a n$
液态水方程	$? ? ε ρ l u l ? s = S l$	$S l = r w$

控制方程	表达式
连续性方程	$? ρ ? t + ? ? ρ u ? = 0 ρ = α a i r ρ a i r + α l i q u i d ρ l i q u i d α a i r + α l i q u i d = 1$
体积分数方程	$? α l i q u i d ? t + u ? ? ? α l i q u i d = 0$
动量方程	$? ρ u ? ? t + ? ? ρ u ? u ? = - ? p + ? ? μ ? u ? + ? u ? T + ρ g + F s$
	$F s = 2 σ a i r / l i q u i d ρ k ? α a i r ρ a i r + ρ l i q u i d$
	$k = ? ? n ? = ? ? n ? w c o s ? θ + t ? w s i n ? θ$
	$μ = α a i r μ a i r + α l i q u i d μ l i q u i d$

References 15

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参数		数值	单位
活化面积		101.5	mm²
厚度	GDL/MPL/CL/PEM	0.23/0.02/0.012/0.025	mm
流道入口		0.5×0.5	mm
孔隙率	GDL/MPL/CL	0.6/0.5/0.3
渗透率	GDL/MPL/CL	1×10^-11/1×10^-12/1×10^-13	m²
热导率	BP/GDL/MPL/CL	20/10/1/1	W/（m?K）
参考电流密度		10 000	A/cm²
运行压力		101 325	Pa
运行温度		343.15	K
开路电压		1.15	V
接触角	GDL/MPL/CL	120/100/120	（°）
化学计量比	阳极/阴极	2/2.5
相对湿度	阳极/阴极	30%/30%
浓度指数	阳极/阴极	1/1
参考浓度	阳极/阴极	56.4/3.39	mol/m³

案例	流道类型	接触角/（°）
案例	流道类型	GDL	顶部	侧面
1	PFF	140	90	90
2	DSB-FF	140	90	90
3	DSB-FF	125	90	90
4	DSB-FF	110-140	90	90
5	DSB-FF	140-110	90	90

Investigation on the Performance of PEMFC with Dolphin-Inspired Biomimetic Flow Field

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References 15

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