Abstract:

To solve the problem of large fluctuation of inlet and outlet temperature on vehicle proton exchange membrane fuel cell （PEMFC） under variable loading currents， a dynamic change particle swarm optimization （PSO）—proportional integral derivative （PID） algorithm is proposed. Firstly， the overall simulation model of the PEMFC engine system with rated power of 150 kW is built. Based on existing references， the accuracy of the output power and voltage of the model is validated； and according to the validated results， the supply of reactant gas is set following demand on currents， which reflects real working conditions of the PEMFC engine system. Based on the model built and the control strategy that the mass flow rate of cooling water following output power， PID， PSO-PID and dynamic change PSO-PID are used on the mass flow rate of cooling air from radiating fans to conduct research on the control effect of them on the inlet and outlet temperature and output power of FCs under variable loading currents. The results show that compared with PID， under PSO-PID and dynamic change PSO-PID， the transient overshoots decreasing amplitudes of inlet temperature of FCs are both 13.7%， those of outlet temperature both 36.0% and the output power reaching the stable condition faster. The time when dynamic change PSO-PID reaching the optimum values only accounts for 57.1% of that under PSO-PID， which can reduce more unnecessary computation and input the PID parameters into the stack temperature controller ahead of PSO-PID. The dynamic PSO-PID algorithm can be used on actual inlet and outlet temperature control of FCs more efficiently and faster， contributing to improving the stability of the temperature and the output power of vehicle PEMFC.

Key words: overall model of PEMFC, temperature control, PID, PSO-PID, dynamic change PSO-PID, output power