汽车工程 ›› 2023, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (8): 1489-1498.doi: 10.19562/j.chinasae.qcgc.2023.08.019

所属专题: 发动机&排放专题2023年

• • 上一篇    

柴油机喷雾碰壁引燃进气预热特性研究

张翼霄,马骁(),卢鑫辉,王志,诸葛伟林,帅石金   

  1. 清华大学车辆与运载学院,北京  100084
  • 收稿日期:2023-01-20 修回日期:2023-03-03 出版日期:2023-08-25 发布日期:2023-08-17
  • 通讯作者: 马骁 E-mail:max@mail.tsinghua.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(51976100)

An Investigation on Intake Preheating Characteristics Based on Spray Wall Impinging Ignition for Diesel Engine

Yixiao Zhang,Xiao Ma(),Xinhui Lu,Zhi Wang,Weilin Zhuge,Shijin Shuai   

  1. School of Vehicle and Mobility,Tsinghua University,Beijing  100084
  • Received:2023-01-20 Revised:2023-03-03 Online:2023-08-25 Published:2023-08-17
  • Contact: Xiao Ma E-mail:max@mail.tsinghua.edu.cn

摘要:

针对低温环境下重型柴油机的冷起动,提出了喷雾撞击热壁面引燃、回流稳焰的进气预热方案。基于自主设计搭建的预热实验装置,研究了不同风速、喷油落点、喷油策略下的温升和燃烧特性,并开展了CFD数值模拟。实验结果表明:着火和温升对喷油落点呈较强的敏感性,加热板存在最佳位置,风速10 m/s下的平均温升速率达到4.24 ℃/s。为了兼顾温升速率、燃烧效率和维护成本,高风速下须采取喷射周期为20~25 ms、喷射脉宽为1~3 ms的喷油策略。高速液滴撞击加热板表面后发生回弹和破碎,属于Leidenfrost破碎模式。模拟结果显示:扰流板形成了局部风速低于5 m/s的回流区,促进了蒸发和油气混合,有利于着火和火焰稳定;针对喷射频率合理匹配喷射量,本质上是调控燃烧持续期与喷射周期相适应,使燃油充分利用,提高温升和放热速率。

关键词: 柴油机, 进气预热, 喷雾碰壁引燃, 回流稳焰, 数值模拟

Abstract:

For the cold start of heavy-duty diesel engine in low temperature environment, an intake preheating scheme using spray ignition by hot wall impinging combined with flame stabilization by recirculation is proposed. Based on the self-designed and built preheating experiment apparatus, the temperature rising and combustion characteristics under different inflow speed, fuel spray targeting and injection strategy are studied, and CFD numerical simulations are conducted. The experimental results show that ignition and temperature rise are strongly sensitive to spray targeting, and there is an optimal position of heating plate, with the mean temperature rising rate reaching 4.24 ℃/s at the inflow speed of 10 m/s. To balance the temperature rising rate, combustion efficiency and maintenance cost, the injection strategy with an injection period of 20~25 ms and injection pulse width of 1~3 ms should be adopted at high inflow speed. The fast droplets rebound and break up after impinging the heating plate, which falls in the Leidenfrost breakup mode. The simulation results show that a recirculation region with local flow speed of lower than 5 m/s is formed by the spoiler, which promotes evaporation and fuel-air mixing, and it is conducive to ignition and flame stabilization. For appropriate match between the injection mass with injection frequency, it is essentially to make the combustion duration suitable with injection period, so as to make full use of fuel and increase temperature rise and heat release rate.

Key words: diesel engine, intake preheating, spray wall impinging ignition, flame stabilization by recirculation, numerical simulation