车用燃料电池系统水温在线估算模型及实验研究

doi:10.19562/j.chinasae.qcgc.2025.12.008

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

车用燃料电池温度控制可靠性对其高效长寿命运行至关重要，为能对温度传感器进行合理性诊断或在温度传感器失效后仍能准确获取燃料电池出入口冷却液温度，避免控制失效导致的动力中断甚至燃料电池快速过热损伤，本文基于产热散热原理，引入环境温度修正，建立了燃料电池出入口冷却液温度在线估算模型。基于实车实验的有效性验证结果表明，出入口温度估算瞬态误差≤2 ℃，稳态误差≤1 ℃，满足估算精度的要求，该估算模型对提高燃料电池热管理系统的可靠性具有重要意义。

关键词: 燃料电池, 水温估算, 模型, 实验研究

Abstract:

The reliability of temperature control in automotive fuel cells is critical for their efficient and long-term operation. To enable rational diagnosis of temperature sensors or accurately obtain the coolant temperature at fuel cell inlet/outlet after sensor failure， and to avoid power interruption or rapid overheating damage to the fuel cell caused by control failure， in this paper an online estimation model for the inlet and outlet coolant temperature of the fuel cells is established based on heat generation and dissipation principles， incorporating environmental temperature corrections. The validation results from real vehicle experiments show that the transient estimation error for inlet and outlet temperature is ≤2 ℃ and the steady-state estimation error is ≤1 ℃， meeting the required estimation accuracy. This estimation model plays a significant role in enhancing the reliability of the fuel cell thermal management system.

Key words: fuel cell, water temperature estimation, modeling, experimental study

黎长春,曾韬,黄进,冉洪旭,肖龙,张财志. 车用燃料电池系统水温在线估算模型及实验研究[J]. 汽车工程, 2025, 47(12): 2358-2365.

Changchun Li,Tao Zeng,Jin Huang,Hongxu Ran,Long Xiao,Caizhi Zhang. Online Estimation Model and Experimental Study of Water Temperature for Vehicular Fuel Cell Systems[J]. Automotive Engineering, 2025, 47(12): 2358-2365.

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