关键词: 车载以太网, 时间敏感网络, Qbv

Abstract:

As the automotive industry continues to advance in intelligence and connectivity， vehicle functions are becoming increasingly complex， driving the regional electronic and electrical architectures becoming the mainstream approach. In such complex regional architectures， ensuring the reliability， real-time performance， and determinism of data interaction is particularly critical. Time-Sensitive Network （TSN） protocol suite has gained significant attention for its ability to achieve deterministic minimal latency in non-deterministic Ethernet environment. To address the inability of traditional Ethernet to meet deterministic low-latency requirements， in this paper the time-aware scheduling mechanism defined by the IEEE 802.1Qbv protocol in TSN （Time-Sensitive Networking） technology is introduced. By employing RTaW network simulation and an S32G hardware system implementation， the solution is adapted to the third-generation automotive electrical/electronic （E/E） architecture. It achieves distributed traffic scheduling through a regional controller + TSN switch design， utilizing gate control lists （GCL） to enable staggered transmission and coordinated scheduling of multiple types of periodic data streams. The simulation results show that， under the time-aware gated scheduling mechanism， the critical flow in the in-vehicle network achieves a 17% reduction in average end-to-end delay， a 99.2% decrease in jitter， and an 86% improvement in maximum waiting delay.

Key words: in-vehicle Ethernet, TSN, Qbv