汽车工程

汽车工程 ›› 2018, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (10): 1179-1184.doi: 10.19562/j.chinasae.qcgc.2018.010.009

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汽车车内气动噪声客观评价分析*

贺银芝, 卢春阳, 吴宇, 杨志刚   

  1. 1.同济大学汽车学院,上海 201804;
    2.上海市地面交通工具空气动力与热环境模拟重点实验室,上海 201804
  • 收稿日期:2017-12-07 出版日期:2018-10-25 发布日期:2018-10-25
  • 通讯作者: 贺银芝,副教授,博士,E-mail:heyinzhi@tongji.edu.cn。
  • 基金资助:
    *国家自然科学基金(51575394)和汽车噪声振动和安全技术国家重点实验室开放基金课题(NVHSKL-201403)资助。

Objective Evaluation of Vehicle Interior Aerodynamic Noise

He Yinzhi, Lu Chunyang, Wu Yu, Yang Zhigang   

  1. 1.School of Automotive Studies, Tongji University, Shanghai 201804;
    2.Shanghai Key Lab of Vehicle Aerodynamics and Vehicle Thermal Management Systems, Shanghai 201804
  • Received:2017-12-07 Online:2018-10-25 Published:2018-10-25

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摘要： 本文中通过整车气动声学风洞试验,分别采用A计权声压级、响度和语音清晰度3种指标,对不同风速和不同偏航角下,车内气动噪声的变化以及后视镜密封和雨刮器对车内噪声的影响进行了分析。结果表明:不同风速下车内气动噪声的频谱特征相似;随着风速的增加,车内的A计权总声压级和响度几乎呈线性增加,而语音清晰度呈线性降低。不同偏航角下,车内风噪水平也有明显变化。随偏航角绝对值的增加,A计权总声压级和响度增大,而语音清晰度下降,但上升或下降的线性度稍差。此外,后视镜密封在0.5-3kHz的中高频段对车内噪声的影响较大,而雨刮器的影响则主要在3-6.3kHz的高频段。从数值上看,无论对后视镜的密封还是雨刮的影响进行分析时,语音清晰度都比响度和A计权总声压级更敏感。

关键词: 气动噪声, 客观评价, 风速, 偏航角, 后视镜密封, 雨刮器

Abstract: Wind tunnel tests on the aerodynamic acoustics of a vehicle are carried out to study the change of interior aerodynamic noise, evaluated by A-weighted sound pressure level (SPL), loudness and articulation index (AI) three indicators respectively, under different wind speeds and yaw angles and the effects of rearview mirror sealing and wiper on interior noise. The results show that the frequency spectrum characteristics of interior aerodynamic noise under different wind speeds are similar. As wind speed goes up, the A-weighted overall SPL and loudness of interior noise increase almost linearly, and AI linearly decreases, while with the increase of absolute value of yaw angle, the interior A-weighted overall SPL and loudness rise and AI lowers, but with a less obvious linearity of rise and fall. In addition, the rearview mirror sealing has larger influence on interior noise at middle-high frequency range (500Hz-3kHz), while the effects of wiper are mainly at high frequency band (3kHz-6.3kHz). From the numerical point of view in analyzing the influences of both rearview mirror sealing and wiper on interior aerodynamic noise, AI always more sensitive than A-weighted SPL and loudness

Key words: aerodynamic noise, objective evaluation, wind speed, yaw angle, rearview mirror sealing, wiper