基于同心圆结构的新型液冷板优化设计及其性能研究

doi:10.19562/j.chinasae.qcgc.2023.11.007

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为提升电池热管理系统的综合性能，本文提出了一种具有同心圆结构通道的液冷板。首先，利用控制方程讨论了环形通道数量和宽度对液冷板综合性能的影响，并通过综合评价指标选出了最佳环形通道数量和宽度。然后，为了更大程度上降低液冷板压降，将部分曲段通道进行直化，并优化了直段通道角度以及圆心距。与初始模型相比，最优模型的压降降低了62.83 Pa（67.61%），温度降低了1.1 ℃。最后，为进一步提升系统的散热性能，在最优模型的基础上引入了不同种类和体积分数的纳米流体作为冷却介质，与纯水相比，在低雷诺数下采用纳米流体作为冷却介质可以获得较好的综合性能，综合评价指标最高可提升16.19%，效果显著。

关键词: 液冷板, 同心圆, 纳米流体, 电池热管理系统

Abstract:

To improve the comprehensive performance of the battery thermal management system， a liquid-cooled plate with concentric circular structure channels is proposed in this paper. Firstly， the influence of the number and width of annular channels on the comprehensive performance of the liquid-cooled plate is discussed by using the control equation， and the optimal number and width of annular channels are selected by comprehensive evaluation indexes. Then， in order to reduce the pressure drop of the liquid-cooled plate to a greater extent， some of the curved section channels are straightened， and the angle of the straight section channels and the circle center distance are optimized. Compared with the initial model， the pressure drop of the optimal model is reduced by 62.83 Pa （67.61%） and the temperature is reduced by 1.1 ℃. Finally， in order to further improve the cooling performance of the system， nanofluids of different types and volume fractions are introduced as cooling media based on the optimal model. Compared with pure water， better overall performance can be obtained by using nanofluids as cooling media at low Reynolds number， and the overall evaluation index can be improved by up to 16.19%， with significant results.

Key words: liquid cooling plate, concentric circles, nanofluid, battery thermal management system

路兴隆,张甫仁,赵海波,孙世政,李雪,赵浩东. 基于同心圆结构的新型液冷板优化设计及其性能研究[J]. 汽车工程, 2023, 45(11): 2058-2069.

Xinglong Lu,Furen Zhang,Haibo Zhao,Shizheng Sun,Xue Li,Haodong Zhao. Optimized Design and Performance Study of New Liquid Cooling Plate Based on Concentric Circle Structure[J]. Automotive Engineering, 2023, 45(11): 2058-2069.

图/表 24

图1

表1

水、铝的热物性参数［17］"

参数	铝	水
比热容/ $(J ? k g - 1 ? K - 1)$	871	4 182
导热系数/ $(W ? m - 1 ? K - 1)$	202.4	0.6
动力黏度/ $(P a ? s)$		0.001 003
密度/ $(k g ? m - 3)$	2 719	998.2

表1

表2

水和纳米颗粒的热物理性质［15，18-19］"

参数	$ρ / (k g ? m - 3)$	$C p / (J ? k g - 1 ? K - 1)$	$k / (W ? m - 1 ? K - 1)$	$μ / (P a ? s)$
H₂O	998.2	4 182	0.6	0.001 003
Al₂O₃	3 880	733	36
CuO	6 500	540	18
TiO₂	4 250	686	8.9
Fe₃O₄	5 180	104	17.65

表2

图2

图3

图4

图5

图 6

图7

图8

图9

图10

图11

图12

表3

图13

图14

表4

图15

图16

图17

图18

图19

图20

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设备	型号	参数
直流电源	SS-1003	电压：0~60 V；电流：0~5 A；功率：300 W
PT100热电阻	STWZP-010	温度范围：-50~260 ℃；精度：±0.1 ℃
自动蠕动泵	DIPump550	流量范围：0~670 mL/min
无纸温度记录仪	MIK-R6000C	采样周期：1 s
恒温水浴锅	HH-4	控温精度：≤±1 ℃
玻璃转子流量计	LZB-3WB	测量精度：±0.35%
热电阻	PT100	测量范围：-200-600 ℃；精度：0.2%FS
恒温箱	HWJS-150	温度范围：-20-150 ℃；精度：±0.5℃

质量流量/（g·s^-1）	实验结果/℃	模拟结果/℃	误差/%
0.5	39.23	37.75	3.76
1	30.77	31.55	2.53
1.5	28.96	29.61	2.24
2	28.14	28.67	1.89

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