汽车工程 ›› 2024, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (3): 526-535.doi: 10.19562/j.chinasae.qcgc.2024.03.017

• • 上一篇    

遗传算法优化的双线圈磁流变制动器模糊PID控制

吴杰1,3(),张辉2   

  1. 1.湖北工业大学农机工程研究设计院,武汉 430068
    2.西华大学机械工程学院,成都 610039
    3.西华大学现代农业装备研究院,成都 610039
  • 收稿日期:2023-06-29 修回日期:2023-10-06 出版日期:2024-03-25 发布日期:2024-03-18
  • 通讯作者: 吴杰 E-mail:jiewu323@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(51805444)

Fuzzy PID Control Based on Genetic Algorithm Optimization of a Dual-coil Magnetorheological Brake

Jie Wu1,3(),Hui Zhang2   

  1. 1.Hubei Agricultural Machinery Institute,Hubei University of Technology,Wuhan 430068
    2.School of Mechanical Engineering,Xihua University,Chengdu 610039
    3.Institute of Modern Agricultural Equipment,Xihua University,Chengdu 610039
  • Received:2023-06-29 Revised:2023-10-06 Online:2024-03-25 Published:2024-03-18
  • Contact: Jie Wu E-mail:jiewu323@163.com

摘要:

针对磁流变制动器制动力矩输出不稳定的问题,采用遗传算法优化后的模糊PID控制器对双线圈磁流变制动器进行力矩控制。基于Bingham模型建立了双线圈磁流变制动器的制动力矩数学模型,同时推导了磁流变制动器的动态模型。完成了双线圈磁流变制动器的制动力矩实验,当励磁电流为1.0 A时,磁流变制动器制动力矩最大值为4.8 N·m;采用最小二乘结构模型,开展了双线圈磁流变制动器传递函数的参数辨识;基于遗传算法和模糊PID控制,设计了双线圈磁流变制动器的遗传算法优化的模糊PID控制器;搭建了磁流变制动器控制实验平台,开展了磁流变制动器力矩控制实验研究。研究结果表明,相比于传统模糊PID控制,在基于遗传算法优化的模糊PID控制下,双线圈磁流变制动器能实现较好的力矩控制效果,制动力矩阶跃响应上升时间为0.63 s,超调量为4.17%,制动力矩跟踪误差在0.2 N·m以内,具有较快的响应速度、较小的超调量以及较小的力矩跟踪误差。

关键词: 磁流变制动器, 遗传算法, 模糊PID, 制动力矩, 跟踪误差

Abstract:

For the unstable braking torque output of magnetorheological (MR) brakes, the genetic algorithm (GA) optimized Fuzzy PID control method is used to control the dual-coil MR brake in this article. Based on the Bingham model, a mathematical model for the braking torque of the dual-coil MR brake is established and a dynamic model of the brake is also derived. The torque experiment of the MR brake has been completed. When the coil current is 1.0 A, the maximum braking torque of the MR brake is 4.8 N·m. The least squares structural model is used to identify the transfer function parameters of the dual-coil MR brake. Based on genetic algorithm and Fuzzy PID control, a Fuzzy PID controller optimized by genetic algorithm for the brake is designed. An experimental platform is established to carry out experimental research on the control of the MR brake. The research results indicate that the dual-coil MR brake can achieve better control effect under GA optimized Fuzzy PID control compared to traditional Fuzzy PID control. The rising time of the step response of the braking torque is 0.63 seconds, with an overshoot of 4.17%, and a tracking error of the braking torque smaller than 0.2 N·m. It has a faster response speed, a smaller overshoot, and a smaller torque tracking error.

Key words: magnetorheological (MR) brake, genetic algorithm (GA), Fuzzy PID, braking torque, tracking error