汽车工程

汽车工程 ›› 2020, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (2): 178-183.doi: 10.19562/j.chinasae.qcgc.2020.02.006

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基于有限元法及遗传算法的推力杆球铰多目标优化方法*

柯俊1, 祖洪飞1, 史文库2   

  1. 1.浙江理工大学,浙江省现代纺织装备重点实验室,杭州 310018;
    2.吉林大学,汽车仿真与控制国家重点实验室,长春 130022
  • 收稿日期:2019-04-02 出版日期:2020-02-25 发布日期:2020-02-25
  • 通讯作者: 史文库,教授,博士,E-mail:416051382@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    *吉林省重大科技专项(212E362415)和浙江省自然科学基金(LQ20E050001)资助

A Multi-Objective Optimization Method for the Spherical Hinge of a Thrust Rod Based on the Finite Element Method and Genetic Algorithm

Ke Jun1, Zu Hongfei1, Shi Wenku2   

  1. 1.Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Modern Textile Machinery, Hangzhou 310018;
    2.Jilin University, State Key Laboratory of Automotive Simulation and Control, Changchun 130022
  • Received:2019-04-02 Online:2020-02-25 Published:2020-02-25

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摘要： 为优化推力杆的球铰结构并提高其疲劳寿命,提出一种基于有限元法和遗传算法的推力杆球铰多目标优化方法。该优化方法通过有限元法计算不同橡胶衬套预压缩量和球铰结构的推力杆球铰橡胶衬套的应变分布特征和刚度参数,进而得到推力杆刚度参数、橡胶衬套预压缩量与球铰关键结构参数之间的关系,并在此基础上采用遗传算法建立推力杆球铰的多目标优化模型。利用建立的多目标优化模型计算得到推力杆球铰的优化方案。样件台架试验结果表明,此优化方案使推力杆球铰的疲劳寿命提高了7倍。提出的多目标优化方法充实了变截面橡胶金属复合结构的设计理论,并为推力杆的优化设计提供了理论依据。

关键词: 车辆工程, 结构优化, 有限元, 遗传算法, 橡胶衬套, 可靠性

Abstract: In order to optimize the structure of the spherical hinge of a thrust rod and improve its fatigue life, a multi-objective optimization method for the spherical hinge of a thrust rod based on the finite element analysis (FEA) and genetic algorithm (GA) is proposed. The strain distribution characteristics of the rubber bushing and the stiffness parameters of the thrust rod are obtained at different precompression values and spherical hinge structures using FEA. Moreover, the relationships among the stiffness of the thrust rod, the precompression value of the rubber bushing, and the key structural parameters of the spherical hinge are obtained. On this basis, the multi-objective optimization model for the thrust rod spherical hinge is established using the genetic algorithm. The optimum scheme of the spherical hinge is obtained by using the multi-objective optimization model. The sample bench test results show that the fatigue life of the thrust rod spherical hinge is increased by seven times with the optimum scheme. The proposed multi-objective optimization method not only enriches the design theory of variable cross-section rubber-metal composite structure, but also provides a theoretical basis for the optimal design of thrust rods

Key words: vehicle engineering, structure optimization, finite element, genetic algorithm, rubber bushing, reliability