汽车工程 ›› 2024, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (7): 1323-1334.doi: 10.19562/j.chinasae.qcgc.2024.07.019

• • 上一篇    

多胞铝合金薄壁管耐撞性分析与区间优化设计

钱立军1,俞陆新1,2,谷先广1(),梁文宇1   

  1. 1.合肥工业大学汽车与交通工程学院,合肥 230009
    2.安徽机电职业技术学院机械工程学院,芜湖 241002
  • 收稿日期:2024-01-23 修回日期:2024-02-17 出版日期:2024-07-25 发布日期:2024-07-22
  • 通讯作者: 谷先广 E-mail:gxghfut@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    安徽省科技重大专项项目(202203a05020029)

Crushing Analysis and Interval Optimization Design for Multi Cell Aluminum Alloy Thin-Walled Tubes

Lijun Qian1,Luxin Yu1,2,Xianguang Gu1(),Wenyu Liang1   

  1. 1.School of Automobile and Traffic Engineering,Hefei University of Technology,Hefei  230009
    2.School of Mechanical Engineering,Anhui Technical College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Wuhu  241002
  • Received:2024-01-23 Revised:2024-02-17 Online:2024-07-25 Published:2024-07-22
  • Contact: Xianguang Gu E-mail:gxghfut@163.com

摘要:

铝合金多胞薄壁管轴向压缩在能量吸收方面比普通方形管具有更优的力学性能,在汽车、航空、军事装备以及其他产业应用前景非常广泛。为研究挤压型材6061-T6铝合金材料各向异性特征,在板材上分别沿挤压方向0°、45°、90°取样进行单轴拉伸力学特性试验,获取相应的应力-应变曲线和各向异性特征参数,基于各向异性硬化行为的屈服准则建立材料本构模型。设计口字、日字、目字等构型截面并对管件进行准静态压溃试验,通过对比分析变形-压溃力曲线表明目字型多胞铝合金薄壁结构具有更加优越的耐撞性能。为进一步获得目字型薄壁管最优设计参数,考虑泊松比、弹性模量等材料参数波动对结构耐撞性能产生不确定性影响,建立多胞铝合金薄壁管耐撞性区间不确定性优化模型,采用区间可能度方法将其转化为确定性问题,结合人工神经网络 (artificial neural networks, ANNs) 模型与交错投影寻踪遗传算法 (intergeneration projection genetic algorithm, IP-GA) 方法对该问题进行双层嵌套优化,分析不同可能度水平对不确定性优化结果的影响,为不同可靠性优化设计的选择提供指导性意见。

关键词: 铝合金薄壁管, 材料本构, 多胞结构, 耐撞性, 区间优化

Abstract:

Aluminum alloy multi-cell thin-walled tubes have better mechanical properties in energy absorption than ordinary square tubes in axial compression conditions, with a wide range of application prospects in automotive, aviation, military equipment, and other industries. To study the anisotropic characteristics of extruded 6061-T6 aluminum alloy material, uniaxial tensile mechanical properties tests are conducted on the sheet along the extrusion direction of 0°, 45°, and 90°. The corresponding stress-strain curves and anisotropic characteristic parameters are obtained, and the material constitutive model is established based on the yield criterion of anisotropic hardening behavior. Tubes with different cross-sectional configurations shaped as the Chinese characters of mouth, day and eye are designed and quasi-static crushing tests are conducted. By analyzing the deformation crushing force curve, it is shown that the thin-walled structure of the triple-cell alloy has superior crash resistance performance. In order to further obtain the optimal design parameters of the triple-shaped tube, considering the uncertain effect of material parameter fluctuations such as Poisson's ratio and elastic modulus on the structural impact resistance, the multi-cell aluminum alloy thin-walled tube impact resistance interval uncertainty optimization model is established. The interval possibility degree method is used to transform it into a deterministic problem. By combining the Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) model with the Intergeneration Projection Genetic Algorithm (IP-GA) method, a double-layer nested optimization is performed on this problem to analyze the impact of different likelihood levels on uncertainty optimization results, providing guidance for the selection of different reliability optimization design.

Key words: aluminum alloy thin-walled tubes, material constitutive, multi cell structure, crash resistance, interval optimization