复合翼构型电动垂直起降飞行器气动特性数值研究

doi:10.19562/j.chinasae.qcgc.2025.11.005

汽车工程 ›› 2025, Vol. 47 ›› Issue (11): 2103-2112.doi: 10.19562/j.chinasae.qcgc.2025.11.005

• • 上一篇

复合翼构型电动垂直起降飞行器气动特性数值研究

周铨^1,²,贾青¹,夏超¹,莫礽¹,韦欢夏¹(),张英朝²(),胡强强³,杨志刚^1,³

^1.同济大学汽车学院，上海 201804
^2.吉林大学，汽车底盘集成与仿生全国重点实验室，长春 130025
^3.中国商用飞机有限责任公司北京民用飞机技术研究中心，北京 102211

收稿日期:2025-06-19 修回日期:2025-09-25 出版日期:2025-11-25 发布日期:2025-11-28
通讯作者: 韦欢夏,张英朝 E-mail:huanxia.wei@u.nus.edu;yingchao@jlu.edu.cn

Numerical Study on Aerodynamic Characteristics of Electric Vertical Take-off and Landing Aircraft with Lift-and-Cruise Configuration

Quan Zhou^1,²,Qing Jia¹,Chao Xia¹,Reng Mo¹,Huanxia Wei¹(),Yingchao Zhang²(),Qiangqiang Hu³,Zhigang Yang^1,³

^1.School of Automotive Studies，Tongji University，Shanghai 201804
^2.Jilin University，National Key Laboratory of Automotive Chassis Integration and Bionics，Changchun 130025
^3.COMAC Beijing Aircraft Technology Research Institute，Beijing 102211

Received:2025-06-19 Revised:2025-09-25 Online:2025-11-25 Published:2025-11-28
Contact: Huanxia Wei,Yingchao Zhang E-mail:huanxia.wei@u.nus.edu;yingchao@jlu.edu.cn

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

本研究建立了适用于不同构型电动垂直起降（electric vertical take-off and landing， eVTOL）飞行器的简化气动模型，并采用增强延迟分离涡模拟方法，对不同构型eVTOL在起飞、降落、巡航和爬升等典型飞行阶段的气动特性进行了数值仿真。结果表明，起飞阶段复合翼构型的升阻比约为多旋翼构型的1/3，降落阶段两者相近。巡航阶段复合翼构型的升阻比相较于固定翼构型低20.52%，爬升阶段低17.14%。综合比较可知，复合翼构型在起飞阶段逊色于多旋翼构型，降落阶段略优，而在巡航和爬升阶段表现均不及固定翼构型。研究结果为eVTOL的构型方案选择与气动性能优化提供了科学参考与工程依据。

关键词: eVTOL, 计算流体力学, 空气动力学, 飞行阶段

Abstract:

In this study a simplified aerodynamic model applicable to various electric vertical take-off and landing （eVTOL） configurations is established and the improved delayed detached-eddy simulation method is used to numerically simulate the aerodynamic characteristics of different eVTOL configurations during typical flight phases， including take-off， landing， cruise， and climb. The results show that the lift-to-drag ratio of the lift-and-cruise configuration during take-off is approximately one-third that of the multi-rotor configuration， while the two are comparable during landing. During the cruise phase， the lift-to-drag ratio of the lift-and-cruise configuration is 20.52% lower than that of the fixed-wing configuration， and 17.14% lower during the climb phase. Overall， the lift-and-cruise configuration is inferior to the multi-rotor configuration during take-off， slightly outperforms it during landing， and falls short of the fixed-wing configuration in both cruise and climb phases. The findings provide scientific guidance and an engineering basis for eVTOL configuration selection and aerodynamic performance optimization.

Key words: eVTOL, computational fluid dynamics, aerodynamics, flight phases

周铨,贾青,夏超,莫礽,韦欢夏,张英朝,胡强强,杨志刚. 复合翼构型电动垂直起降飞行器气动特性数值研究[J]. 汽车工程, 2025, 47(11): 2103-2112.

Quan Zhou,Qing Jia,Chao Xia,Reng Mo,Huanxia Wei,Yingchao Zhang,Qiangqiang Hu,Zhigang Yang. Numerical Study on Aerodynamic Characteristics of Electric Vertical Take-off and Landing Aircraft with Lift-and-Cruise Configuration[J]. Automotive Engineering, 2025, 47(11): 2103-2112.

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参考文献 10

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[8]	ZHANG T， BARAKOS G N， FURQAN. On the aerodynamic performance of redundant propellers for multi-rotor eVTOL in cruise ［J］. Aerospace Science and Technology， 2024， 145： 108846.
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网格尺寸	数值	参数	数值
背景域	64~1 024 mm	背景域棱柱层数	15
圆柱加密区	64 mm	背景域棱柱层厚度	7 mm
旋翼翼面	0.2~30 mm	旋转域棱柱层数	10
机身表面	0.5~32 mm	旋转域棱柱总厚度	3 mm

飞行阶段	构型	旋转域/万	背景域/万	合计/万
起降	复合翼	1 712	2 486	4 198
起降	多旋翼	1 363	1 447	2 810
巡航	复合翼	208	3 933	4 141
巡航	固定翼	208	2 309	2 517
爬升	复合翼	1 670	3 675	5 345
爬升	固定翼	208	2 374	2 582

复合翼构型电动垂直起降飞行器气动特性数值研究

Numerical Study on Aerodynamic Characteristics of Electric Vertical Take-off and Landing Aircraft with Lift-and-Cruise Configuration

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