汽车工程

汽车工程 ›› 2019, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (6): 682-687.doi: 10.19562/j.chinasae.qcgc.2019.06.011

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电动汽车电驱动高频啸叫噪声评价方法研究

康强1,2,3, 顾鹏云2, 李洁1, 左曙光3   

  1. 1.浙江汽车工程学院,杭州 310000;
    2.浙江吉利汽车研究院有限公司,宁波 315000;
    3.同济大学新能源汽车工程中心,上海 201800
  • 收稿日期:2018-06-08 发布日期:2019-07-03
  • 通讯作者: 康强,高级工程师,博士,E-mail:kangqiangck@163.com

A Research on the Evaluation Method of High-frequencyWhining Noise in Electric Drivetrain

Kang Qiang1,2,3, Gu Pengyun2, Li Jie1, Zuo Shuguang3   

  1. 1.Zhejiang Automotive Engineering Institute, Hangzhou 310000;
    2.Geely Automobile Research Institute, Ningbo 315000;
    3.New Energy Automobile Engineering Center, Tongji University, Shanghai 201800
  • Received:2018-06-08 Published:2019-07-03

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摘要： 相比于内燃机的低频点火、机械和燃烧噪声,电动汽车的主要噪声变为电磁力和齿轮啮合导致的更高频的啸叫声,令人烦躁。且由于没有内燃机工作噪声的掩蔽,这些高频单调噪声在许多工况下会很显著。同时,纯电动汽车行驶时也还有路噪、胎噪和风噪等噪声。因此,既要考虑单调噪声的声压级,也应计及其它噪声的掩蔽效应。本文中对7款纯电动汽车车内噪声的声压级、TNR和主观评分进行了对比。结果表明,TNR与主观感受的趋势一致,而声压级的大小并不能直接用来评价啸叫声的显著度。根据电驱动总成主要阶次的TNR分布,得出对应于电动汽车啸叫声显著度的TNR数值范围。最后总结了电驱动总成的NVH目标设定方法与建议。

关键词: 电驱动, 啸叫噪声, 评价

Abstract: Compared with the low-frequency ignition, mechanical and combustion noises in internal combustion engine, the main noise of the drivetrain of electric vehicle becomes higher-frequency whine caused by electromagnetic force and gear meshing, making people agitated. Since there is no such masking of the operating noise as in internal combustion engine, these high-frequency monotonic noises can be significant in electric drivetrain in some operating conditions. But battery electric vehicles still have noises caused by road, tire and wind, so it is necessary to consider both the sound pressure level of monotonic noise and the masking effect of other noises. The sound pressure level, TNR and subjective scores of the interior noise of seven battery electric vehicles are compared with a result showing that TNR is consistent with subjective perception in trend, while the sound pressure level cannot be directly used to evaluate the significance of whining noise. Based on the TNR distribution of the main orders of electric drive assembly, the range of TNR value corresponding to the whining significance of electric vehicle is obtained. Finally, the NVH target setting method and suggestions for the electric drive assembly is summarized.

Key words: electric drivetrain, whining noise, evaluation